Supply of foreign milk powder last year, nearly half of some supermarkets in Beijing and journalists to investigate maternal and child goods stores
the respondents were not selected domestic milk
Comics / Kwong wild
Recently, people in Hong Kong and the Mainland, Macao to buy imported a large number of infant formula, resulting in Hong Kong and Macao was once milk supply. Since then, the mainland media reports that unscrupulous businesses will be made of leather scraps dissolved mingled milk protein powder, milk protein content increased. For a time, domestic milk and the dairy industry has once again become the focus. Press survey found that consumers lack confidence in domestic brands of milk, nearly Qicheng consumers surveyed said they would not choose China-made milk powder.
>> status for mainland residents to visit Hong Kong and Macao to buy milk
around the Spring Festival, Mainland, Hong Kong, a large number of people in the purchase of infant formula, milk powder made in Hong Kong was once the tight supply situation, one infant milk powder more than a week or even out of stock. Since then, Macau, there have been a large number of mainland people to buy infant milk powder, milk powder led to a shortage of Macau market. The incident has aroused widespread public concern.
Since then, there are media reports, some domestic criminal enterprise, the one called the Reported that the so-called protein content.
news came out, the public concern about the quality of domestic milk then significantly improved the quality of China-made dairy products again become the focus of attention.
>> clarify leather 2009 milk is old news
the so-called The relevant departments after an investigation found that some media reports of so-called Morningside Park, Zhejiang Province Bureau of Quality Supervision detected in dairy milk production in several batches, containing
agricultural sector revealed that in 2010, among the milk check, and found no added
Department of Agriculture Office of Director Wang Junxun Dairy Management, said: milk stations and transport links the acquisition of part of the samples, test results show melamine in fresh milk in all of the provisions of the interim management of the national range, has not found the leather hydrolyzed protein, alkali and other prohibited substances.
Monday, February 28, 2011
Sunday, February 27, 2011
Jiangsu market liquor brand Competitiveness Report (Summary)
Introduction
into 2010, various brands of liquor prices in China rising. To Maotai, for example, the beginning price of about 700 yuan, can be off-season in July and August, when prices suddenly soared, the price suddenly rose to a thousand dollars the terminal, and the momentum of this price increase is still continuing, December 15, 2010 night Moutai suddenly announced since January 1, 2011 increase from the ex-factory price, the average increase rate was 20%.
2010 liquor in the capital market the overall gains across the board plate. By Yang, for example, shares listed in less than a year of Yang November 23, 2010 was won Maotai, a record high 283.8 yuan liquor stock price. The market value of over billion, significantly narrowing the distance with the Maotai.
2009 China's output reached 706 million liters of liquor. Latest data show that full-year 2010 production of 891 million liters of liquor, an increase of 27%, China has created a record high point of liquor production.
the three miniature outline of our performance on the Chinese market, the broad contours of liquor. Ready in 2009, the siren song of 2010, we can say that the performance of two years of Chinese liquor market, a liquor will herald the arrival of the development of a higher platform. Xinhua Daily
the sixth consecutive year the authority to invite industry experts to set up Task Force, focused collection of the true voice of the consumer line, combined with the performance of country liquor market, the development trend for white wine in Jiangsu Province, on liquor market performance of the brand and brand-depth research and competitive analysis.
urged the liquor market price crisis : the total profit of the wine industry's 10.408 billion yuan from 2004 to 2009 of 36.026 billion yuan, an increase of 246.14% 5. Which, in 2004, liquor industry profits amounted to 5.866 billion yuan in 2009, while total liquor industry profits reached 23.489 billion yuan, an increase of more than 300%, accounting for 65% of the alcohol industry. Liquor industry in 5 years, the compound growth rate of revenues and profits leading the wine industry: sales revenue CAGR of 33.47%, the leading 25.09%; total profit CAGR of 46.67%, the leading 36.26%.
liquor industry to maintain such high growth is the rapid development of China's macro-economic backdrop, many liquor companies, especially leading enterprises to seize the great opportunities for consumers to upgrade to continuously adjust the product structure, improve profitability achieved.
rapid economic development, increasing revenue, driving the upgrading of consumption structure, thereby stimulating market demand for high-end liquor, directly contributed to the large number of first-line high-end liquor prices raced ahead. Improve macro-economic growth is the basis of level of consumption, and improve the level of consumption of traditional high-end liquor also been the core factor prices. Should also be noted that, according to National Bureau of Statistics, November 2010 China's consumer price index (CPI) rose 5.1%, the highest since 2008, a new high of 26 months. In the economic environment under the pressure of CPI rise of the hit new high, increased inflation expectations, China's macro economy, the cost price of liquor brewing, packaging materials prices, labor wages, transportation costs and other links are bound to rise sharply in 2010, liquor market In addition to other references in the Preamble of the Maotai, Wuliangye also set off a wave of price increases across the board, according to manufacturers to notify the end of November 2010 during New Year's Day 2011, Wuliangye wine across the board is expected to exceed 10% increase, this is the first in 2010 Wuliangye three rounds of price increases.
into 2010, various brands of liquor prices in China rising. To Maotai, for example, the beginning price of about 700 yuan, can be off-season in July and August, when prices suddenly soared, the price suddenly rose to a thousand dollars the terminal, and the momentum of this price increase is still continuing, December 15, 2010 night Moutai suddenly announced since January 1, 2011 increase from the ex-factory price, the average increase rate was 20%.
2010 liquor in the capital market the overall gains across the board plate. By Yang, for example, shares listed in less than a year of Yang November 23, 2010 was won Maotai, a record high 283.8 yuan liquor stock price. The market value of over billion, significantly narrowing the distance with the Maotai.
2009 China's output reached 706 million liters of liquor. Latest data show that full-year 2010 production of 891 million liters of liquor, an increase of 27%, China has created a record high point of liquor production.
the three miniature outline of our performance on the Chinese market, the broad contours of liquor. Ready in 2009, the siren song of 2010, we can say that the performance of two years of Chinese liquor market, a liquor will herald the arrival of the development of a higher platform. Xinhua Daily
the sixth consecutive year the authority to invite industry experts to set up Task Force, focused collection of the true voice of the consumer line, combined with the performance of country liquor market, the development trend for white wine in Jiangsu Province, on liquor market performance of the brand and brand-depth research and competitive analysis.
urged the liquor market price crisis : the total profit of the wine industry's 10.408 billion yuan from 2004 to 2009 of 36.026 billion yuan, an increase of 246.14% 5. Which, in 2004, liquor industry profits amounted to 5.866 billion yuan in 2009, while total liquor industry profits reached 23.489 billion yuan, an increase of more than 300%, accounting for 65% of the alcohol industry. Liquor industry in 5 years, the compound growth rate of revenues and profits leading the wine industry: sales revenue CAGR of 33.47%, the leading 25.09%; total profit CAGR of 46.67%, the leading 36.26%.
liquor industry to maintain such high growth is the rapid development of China's macro-economic backdrop, many liquor companies, especially leading enterprises to seize the great opportunities for consumers to upgrade to continuously adjust the product structure, improve profitability achieved.
rapid economic development, increasing revenue, driving the upgrading of consumption structure, thereby stimulating market demand for high-end liquor, directly contributed to the large number of first-line high-end liquor prices raced ahead. Improve macro-economic growth is the basis of level of consumption, and improve the level of consumption of traditional high-end liquor also been the core factor prices. Should also be noted that, according to National Bureau of Statistics, November 2010 China's consumer price index (CPI) rose 5.1%, the highest since 2008, a new high of 26 months. In the economic environment under the pressure of CPI rise of the hit new high, increased inflation expectations, China's macro economy, the cost price of liquor brewing, packaging materials prices, labor wages, transportation costs and other links are bound to rise sharply in 2010, liquor market In addition to other references in the Preamble of the Maotai, Wuliangye also set off a wave of price increases across the board, according to manufacturers to notify the end of November 2010 during New Year's Day 2011, Wuliangye wine across the board is expected to exceed 10% increase, this is the first in 2010 Wuliangye three rounds of price increases.
Thursday, February 24, 2011
Tibet decreased to 50.2 million poor people
Reporter from Lhasa, recently held conference on poverty alleviation Agricultural Development informed that the 96.4 million from 2005 to 2010 decreased to 50.2 million.
determined in accordance with Tibet in 2006 net income of 1,700 yuan per capita annual poverty reduction criteria, five years, the poverty alleviation work in Tibet to promote further development of positive transfer of training poor farmers and poor labor employment, and explore effective ways of cooperation of farmers and herdsmen will be poverty alleviation funds into shares to the home, and let the poor households to participate in poverty alleviation project selection, implementation, management and supervision. Guide all kinds of funds to the township tilt poverty, foster leading industries, improve infrastructure, rural poverty, to enhance the level of development.
the same time the full development of comprehensive agricultural development, the total size of development zones reached 175.68 million mu of industrial management of the implementation of 106 projects, the formation of the Economic Cooperation Organization 51. Per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen maintained double-digit growth for 8 consecutive years in 2010 to 3,990 yuan, an increase of 92% over 2005.
significant reduction in the population, per capita income of low-income population more than 13% annual growth, the basic mechanism of the formation of long-term income.
which will carry out the entire village of 200 townships to promote poverty alleviation work in the alpine pastoral areas, mountains and canyons contiguous focus on helping poor areas to the core of the home address concentrated poverty. In the border areas, minority areas with small populations and local sick ward, vigorously developing industries, to enhance the people's living standards. (Xinhua Hu Xing)
determined in accordance with Tibet in 2006 net income of 1,700 yuan per capita annual poverty reduction criteria, five years, the poverty alleviation work in Tibet to promote further development of positive transfer of training poor farmers and poor labor employment, and explore effective ways of cooperation of farmers and herdsmen will be poverty alleviation funds into shares to the home, and let the poor households to participate in poverty alleviation project selection, implementation, management and supervision. Guide all kinds of funds to the township tilt poverty, foster leading industries, improve infrastructure, rural poverty, to enhance the level of development.
the same time the full development of comprehensive agricultural development, the total size of development zones reached 175.68 million mu of industrial management of the implementation of 106 projects, the formation of the Economic Cooperation Organization 51. Per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen maintained double-digit growth for 8 consecutive years in 2010 to 3,990 yuan, an increase of 92% over 2005.
significant reduction in the population, per capita income of low-income population more than 13% annual growth, the basic mechanism of the formation of long-term income.
which will carry out the entire village of 200 townships to promote poverty alleviation work in the alpine pastoral areas, mountains and canyons contiguous focus on helping poor areas to the core of the home address concentrated poverty. In the border areas, minority areas with small populations and local sick ward, vigorously developing industries, to enhance the people's living standards. (Xinhua Hu Xing)
Wednesday, February 23, 2011
Real estate development process and the process of insider
A land certificate, construction land planning license, plan approval stage
point land certificate and the construction land planning license these two cards, plus approved planning point is the premise of real estate development. However, these things receiving the order, very knowledgeable. experienced comrades, a look at the issue of these things the time, basically you can determine the plot behind the story. these three things related to the land department and planning department protracted power struggles. At present, China the law does not regulate this issue well.
Well, a brief speech, the land certificate issued by the Land Department, land ownership certificate specifying the period of land use and use (just stated) ; construction land planning license issued by the planning department, is approved for land use and land boundaries of the law; planning points approved by the Planning Department issued, is to determine the intensity of land use indicators of the legal basis, such as building density, plot ratio ah ah parking configuration ah these indicators are required in the approval in the reflected, including the current requirements that limit the percentage of small units will be reflected in this document.
general, a piece of land, must be approved by the planning department planning points awarded the construction land planning license (hereinafter referred to as the regulation permits), the to receive the land use right certificates. It absolutely should be required procedure. because the land department approved by the planning department must be based on land features and land use intensity, to calculate the land transfer payments to the land specified in the certificate of land use and age.
But hey, in reality it, the idea is only an ideal state. because, first, the department of land in many places in the transfer of land when it was not considered planning, directly on the block transfer. And then for others to do the commercial and residential land land-use right certificate. The people can not understand the land transfer model was very popular. and the transferee of the land developers, planning departments Polishing hard again bubble, whether it is to modify the plan or just the plans are not good, anyway, my land transfer is already paid, the rest of the things you get the planning department to give me.
I am not criticizing this land model is easy to breed corruption. you know, out of the formal land transfer is just a beginning in 1990, and to engage in publicly traded in the form of land, or even just only started from 1997. The first piece of publicly traded Beijing land, is listed after the year 2000. I just say that my lack of experience on this issue, the international community has no model for reference. because of our real estate management system that is absolutely unique in the world The. young cynics do not mean here to give me three four. I soaked in the industry these years, at least I personally think that put me in the background of 90 years to go inside, I can not think of a better land transactions mode. the concept of urban planning until now have not popular, not to mention it was.
But in any case, this land transaction is now just history.
new Town and Country Planning Act, eighteen: In the cities, town planning area to provide by way of transfer of state-owned land use rights in the former state-owned land use right transfer, city and county governments to urban planning departments shall, according to detailed plan, the location of proposed land transfer, the use of nature to develop strength of planning conditions, as the state-owned land use right transfer part of the contract. undetermined planning conditions of the land, not state-owned land use right transfer.
to sell state-owned land use rights obtained through the construction project, the signing of the state-owned land use right transfer contract, the construction unit shall, with the approval of construction projects, approval, filing documents and state-owned land use right transfer contract to the city and county governments to rural and urban planning departments for construction land use permit.
City county government planning departments of urban and rural land use planning in the construction shall not permit, without changing the land use right transfer as an integral part of the planning conditions contract.
hope in my future career, not to hold residential and commercial land use planning department of land certificates to wear foam die, amen.
2, the project company set up, project, environmental assessment, the four real estate development qualification
almost every time to start a project must pursue the things. very socialist characteristics. but here are some things very interesting relationship with the law is relatively large, such as the establishment of the project company. Here we must note, the parent company photographed the land, to set up its wholly-owned project company name, according to our laws, not a transaction. I again emphasize: between the parent and its wholly owned subsidiary of the land transfer, not a transaction. reiterates that: not a transaction. Therefore, the real estate company can be set sub-projects company, sold the house and then destroy it in the entity, leaving only a shell. This mode of operation no legal risk at all, very economical and practical, so now the size of a little bit of real estate companies are so dry.
say the project, this thing is purely a product of the planned economy era left behind, very tired, do not know what this thing should be considered. project is mainly on investment projects and feasibility. I do not know the current market, the feasibility of this thing, the perspective from what the government is managed. Anyway, over the depth of the market economy, so the management of this matter is different. Some places are basically not control, in some places on the tube was very strict. and what materials project in the end it is not clear what anyone says. project has relationships with other programs that is even more unusual things casual. such as the recent state policy requiring environmental assessment carried out for first, and then back to project. This is based on strengthening environmental protection for sustainable development considerations. but in many places, the EIA is a major prerequisite for project approval material. legislature can not simply can not do the EIA term. But there are measures under the policy, things are is run out of people. Anyway, so far, projects have to be launched in, I do not know how we are all of these inexplicable policies come through. Anyway, if I make arrangements for these things are basically directly to these departments, for example, to the planning department, let them give me the feasibility study report recommended the establishment of the company, to the EPA, let them give me the preparation of environmental assessment reports recommend the company, and then let the company do these procedures out. preparation of cost does not matter a bit to more. In short I saw these procedures, the first to severe pain.
qualified real estate development that is more a technical content, the key is hard to find professional and technical personnel. Now these information is the province of professional networking and technical personnel, and want to get some balls people basically can not fool the construction sector, construction sector did not dare mess in this matter, because anyone can be found online, so and so is What companies serving what professional qualifications. Now hard to find engineers, structural class, ah, feeling one. hehe.
under a formal planning began to report about construction: master plan review stage.
3, General Plan review stage < br> name for this stage is not around, I hear more is called row, each of them single building how high, how big, how the buildings interval between single building, how much space, enough sunshine, with a total floor area ratio is much, did exceed the specified floor area ratio, building density is How much, how to arrange the road and out of district, is not consistent with fire codes, etc., etc., these things are very professional ah professional.
here to illustrate what I like building density, this thing looks Simple is not it, that is, the base area of the building plot area ratio of the total number. For example, this area is 1 million square meters, 3,000 square meters of buildings on the ground, then the building density is 30%. appears that the calculation should be there is no controversy. But wait. my area of 3,000 square meters inside the building, has 2,000 square meters is a large elevated platform, is the parking under the elevated floor, the air above the green square. Now, the controversy came, I have the 2000 square meters, in the end be considered building basement? reason why you limit my building density, green thing in order to guarantee nothing more than to protect the residents of leisure space thing. Now although I seem to be something built on the ground, but I have this thing on top is green, ah, I did not reduce the green, ah, I ah leisure space has not decreased, so the 2,000 square meters which can not be considered in building density. This type of elevated levels of air garden in the end to do not count in building density problem, anyway, is not limited to death specification, there are endless space for personal gain.
another example, floor area ratio, total floor area divided by the net land area. also looks very simple. but put in practice a Look, Sha is the net land area ah? starting from where ah? is purely contained in the area of land use rights, or is that little more than the large area until around the middle road of the road go? this thing do not know, count how do. to a greater net land area, with a total construction area will naturally increase. This is the place for personal gain.
other places, such as setting fire channel, high-rise buildings must be set up around the fire ring road. But such a practice, the green area basically destroyed. how to do? set the kind of invisible fire road, to keep grass green above, pointed to the drawings that this is a fire road. so do all right? Anyway, I I do not know Daoxing not. fire Road load that is a very strict design requirements drip drop, anyway, I personally do not know that the grass can not afford to carry fire.
master plan is the development of the trial reported that construction of the most activities of technical content, a process generally required 2 to 3 months, and planning departments often have to repeatedly modify and forth, back and forth grinding, grinding the temper of both sides failed to pass too. I have not seen any case can hardly Han Shunshundangdang do the work, waiting to be able to dry through the master plan review. I have not seen the kind of defect of the total graphic design, if we really want, no matter what the company's general layout, whether you are rich or Vanke Agile force or that as long as one to stir up, the problems are baskets of. is not enough distance between the fire is in place can not open the window to open the window, or is the Drive turning radius is too small, and so on and so forth. ( In that boasts one: I Fucai, have tried to complete the work within 10 days, has been cited as a legend. hehe)
4, a comprehensive review of pipelines, drainage pipelines
permit a comprehensive review of the planning department one of professional review, I am now speaking out specifically, because this thing is really very, very professional ah. done well, then it is kill people ah. Moreover, the company was killed this thing everywhere. What you do not think that those who Hopson Poly ah ah like the big companies would not have made this issue a significant error of principle, in fact, no matter what real estate company in the fall issue of the probability of the same , this thing just like drumming mass floral, one that died.
said a long time, pipelines What is this? includes three items: cell to the drain line, strong power lines, weak lines, taken together these three According to co-ordinate arrangements for the design of science, into the same sheet of drawings. to the water without much explanation, is how to tap into the community guidelines, then how the sewage and stormwater discharge area; strong electric power consumption is the line from where to enter, how to go upstairs, how the door; weak content on more than what cable TV lines, various types of communication lines, network lines, internal control lines, etc., etc., many to death. The above three things should be scientific so, all had to go underground, into the buildings from the ground through monomer to be connected to every household.
ah what these lines must be reasonably arranged, moving around is not. As non-professionals, To determine a district official line of integrated design is good, just look at two things: one, you get to walk into a district to see if it is not the wires inside the building and the floor in between the ride. as long as this is basically you do not have much of this area considered.
2, manhole covers is not a basic arrangement along the road to the district, not get everywhere. If you do a manhole covers are all over what is simply not see to come, basically you can consider this area to give up.
why I want to emphasize the pipelines so? If it is poorly designed what consequences? First of all, that is, water supply and drainage problems all day. about rain area becomes a pond thing, I really seen enough of that; and then, for the young me, is the network problems all day, the district network operators did not have a choice, because only a buried pipe, other network operators to provide quality services do not come in line, and now this family is not a bad line here is where the bad all day, repair, and I This is Daguai it, boom, click, off the net. and then, do the summer Do not drive air conditioning, open to a power trip. home appliances have to round the use, do not open with. watching TV do not drive the computer, or have consumed in the dark night. This is not engaged in pipelines ah good sign. You said that such a community, can live with?
pipelines being so important, then we say that we consider when designing good, good research, not on it? In fact, no. Why? because all the lines, you have to bring in from the outside, are out there takes a port. But where is the interface? I'm telling you, no matter how many developers are doing preparatory work in advance, so the number of investigations work, they can not guarantee that the interface does not change reserved. The most common is the municipal sewage pipeline suddenly re-construction, for the place, even if it does not change is the place to raise the level of a few centimeters, due to the inclination of the drainage area enough, that's finished. this kind of thing too common. I am sure you often see municipal pipeline construction, the road digging, make trouble here today and tomorrow to make trouble where it is. Anyway, I was afraid of this thing out. This situation it is like to lose money all else fails. and then, high-voltage wire access port, a good start right from a certain substation access, until construction is completed, access to formal, I suddenly noticed that the substation has been removed, Or it has been over capacity, and can not let you pick, you have to pick from other places, this time can only spend money wasted, and imposing lead. leads to how much power the number of ICC. For, uh, what life will cause The trouble, I do not know.
say to this water permit. this thing is made of the municipal sector, specifically for the drainage area. Now is the diversion of rain water and sewage requirements. is the rain water and sewage to the two points tube row. this thing is the tube diameter and flow, as well as the location of municipal pipelines connected. and then this thing is in turn affects the design of pipelines, in fact, the same thing. I do not say.
5, single review, construction planning permit
planning department review of the single unit design that is very strict, but overall, relative to the master planning, through a little easier.
single design Shane? master planning is based on the implementation of the single building design. These are mainly Han single program content? I was so summary: The key is to implement the size of the space dimensions. this stage something is also very troublesome, Zuifan is parking. now, our major cities have parking issues that are very strict control, the requirements are generally equipped with one parking space per residential, commercial general is 100 square meters with a parking space . general configuration requirements are basically so similar cities. parking spaces is not enough, basically not even think about the review through the monomer.
, of course, during the general master plan review, also Mixed parking spaces, but that stage is mainly experience value, according to 35 square meters to 45 square meters square value of this experience of a parking space, enough to evaluate the basement area, in general, the planning department does not really care enough parking spaces, not a serious number on the drawing. But single stage is not the same to begin counting. What hair trick this time will be spend. such as the so-called picture-spaces matter, do not stop the car into the parking spaces corners also put the matter, and so on and so on, do not A rather full. but sometimes, no matter how inadequate, set in place, it would have the means, that is, claims that I am here to do three-dimensional mechanical parking spaces. dimensional mechanical parking spaces I believe many people have seen, that thing is very bad words, so out of time to spend half an hour it was a very normal thing. But many developers are just lip service, as long as the review by monomer, the mechanical parking equipment that was never installed.
, then, why business that do not want to build bigger basement? that the construction of the basement at a loss. people buy less. I know that this would have a say Fenqing will fire to me, say 10, some 20 million to buy a palm-sized parking bit, the developers also at a loss? The fact is, stop a car, do not only need 10 square meters of space. However, you should go in this car, you also need 30 square meters into the lane. So by experience the value of parking spaces required for each share of the area, basically 35-45 square meters. planning departments so to master. you this car is not STOVL. This is the objective law.
course This is about my experience in some cities, parking can still make money, such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Shanghai, some of the prime real estate, said to be able to buy 40 million parking spaces in one. But this does not mean that general rule. hehe. After
single trial design, design company and then look at the detailed construction plans, construction projects can apply for a planning permit. This process is no technical content. not worth to say. I have a passing out.
But this construction project planning permit, in the new
6, fire and air defense
special review of these two things out dead. I direct so the following two conclusions: no area of the fire and air defense design is compliance. no fire and air defense equipment area is qualified. I have such a direct point: the fire was reported built, is difficult to say, is the most difficult of all professional newspaper under construction, but if the simple can be very simple. As for the air defense reported that construction, this thing somehow, I do not know what the count, I am preparing for any thing, all feel ill.
start the fire start. fire department is the armed police, not the government agencies, have a number of the people's hearts. Our review of the fire, in many cases are very crap, and very bureaucratic. in addition, our developers and, indeed, is not outrageous, to meet the Fire Code, then the investment is too high. In addition, we consumers have no such awareness. because a lot of demands on the fire is of use, such as elevators and stairwells were set up between a fire door, and that the owners and out, this is a very inconvenient. Basically, the fire design is absolutely impossible to do enough to be in strict accordance with specifications feet. In this respect, the review that is more stringent. In general, the developers are entrusted to the fire building construction enterprise agency reported. Why? because these companies and fire departments long-term deal with the thousands of fire departments in the wire Wanlv a long history, often by them to come forward in order to get things done. However, I am here to be fair: those involving fire safety norms, basically no one would dare hands and feet. such as the 12 floors above the fire to set up a dedicated elevator, scissors stairs 17 floors above the set, which is already the iron law of peremptory norms. I personally have not seen developers to these mandatory norms around too, even if they will get around to great rewards, such as a set of stairs to reduce It is such a good thing, ah, but basically no one would dare to follow the above. at least I did not dare. In my future career, I can not.
civil air defense is the same nerve with Chinese characteristics things. I do not know what Suansha. so I will not have a raid to stay in the basement of high-rise buildings, 911 of the vehicle in front of that building is to see. True to the bombing of a building, stay in the basement of the absolute buried alive out. Of course this is only my personal impression, and we do not mind.
civil air defense sector government departments, not the military establishment. for air defense purposes can also engage in that part of the basement parking spaces, but this part is to be zoned out can not be issued certificates of title. This part of the right to use parking spaces only. On the use of civil air defense parking spaces right, and now the controversy is very great. the community has a variety of voices, especially from the view that the nerve through the Property Law are. I tell you what all the air defense purposes, property rights are the State. countries in order to encourage people to engage in civil air defense projects to allow you to temporarily use the. But the property rights, in any case, what can not belong to all owners.
use part of the civil air defense parking spaces because only a temporary nature, can not sell, so developers will definitely be seeking ways to reduce air defense area. In addition, the air defense equipment that is very crazy things, such as air defense that the security door, then do not know Suansha, that thing into the basement to be really, really is out of the bunker. do not know what to prevent.
7, energy review, construction drawing review
receiving construction project planning permit, the design company construction again on the basis of detailed plans to complete construction drawing, utilities and so on all construction drawings and structural calculations of construction plans, etc., to complete energy-saving design, energy-saving calculations to make a book, you can begin the two reviewed.
Energy Review, which in my personal experience, is how the trial will do things. China is now more emphasis on sustainable development, the location of building energy efficiency put more and more high. so to speak: what 360-degree windows , all open-style balcony, enclosed courtyard without these things, certainly not in energy efficiency compliance. do these things, the summer air conditioning was opened to the crazy out. But people like this new thing. Well, where North-South differences is clear: on the north are generally more able to review energy conservation standards, the people in the concept is also more able to accept this, because the North has a heating problem, energy-saving standards of the house can not, in the winter that we will have to take out the heating costs in vain . But the southerners are more of this kind of thing does not wait, see, I like this one, none of your business ah.
this point could not help but think of the dwelling area of 90 sq m accounted for 70% of the 9070 policy say a few words. the Ministry of Construction officials in policy development, will feature with a strong north. northerners consider the request after heating in the winter, did not used to living large. bay more than 6 meters in the living room, the heating on would certainly not up to the. At the same time, without considering the toilets in the light and ventilation requirements, 90 square meters of dwelling space can indeed design a very nice three-bedroom units. This is from the north of the same usage and climate : The air is dry, and the toilet less frequently used, it is generally not used to shower every day. (I say that I this is not a geographical discrimination ah, I is entirely the sake of discussion.) But in the south, just making such a toilet windows, 90 square meters to design a three bedroom, it is almost impossible to accomplish. this little drawing in the map click on the know. the location of the house had a few outward surface, a total number of rooms, toilet do not know where the place. I then involved in several projects, in order to meet the request of this 9070 3 bedroom units can do, designers do not know how many tons of vomit the blood. the company is now forced to do nothing on the market, The introduction of a large number of forced only two bedroom units. Of course, two-bedroom units also can live, but can not raise children, raising children, this one is finished, add children grandparents parents cry, and even places that are not turned . the reality is so cruel drops. the objective law is the case.
Now some companies in order to avoid the 9070, would like some tricks, such as design two houses, then sell it together to get through. In some adverse media publicity caliber , the developer of this approach is called bad things against their conscience. I say nothing.
Well, to say the energy review, one that opened to say so much, I'm sorry I'm sorry. now that construction plans review. construction plan review now the market has been on the surface, and allows developers to find their own construction plan review the qualifications to do the review unit. construction plan review unit must also be accountable for the results of the review. However, the review of our technology is based on the backward , um, how should I say, even the design, construction techniques are very backward, so this review is a matter of opinion, the trial did not do anything. Here I have witnessed about a thing. year of a three-tier cities in the Pearl River Delta, in a Landscape front villa project to build a tower. the tower it, shaped like a spindle, two thin intermediate rough. The Bureau of Inspection Unit to lead people to check on the construction site, work on the frame of this tower, this tower to collapse suddenly, the inspection team all die off. This is a big ah, the Government formed a vast investigation therefore, to investigate the cause of the accident. The first is from the investigation from the design. the results of an investigation, the design maintains no design problems. Then put the review of the drawings sent to re-do a search, then review the staff said, no, the drawings in question. on both sides to a falling out. Finally, both sides could not convince each other. to say that violations of peremptory norms of drawing it, it also not violated. but that does not violate peremptory norms to secure compliance? I see who do not dare to say the words. Finally, the construction unit can only pull out a few fine sentence some money trouble. Hopson is now in Guangzhou of a real estate in front of such a tower is also intended to tree, so when the review is quarreling. Last but not forgotten, because it did not know, safe to anyway in the end I do not know.
drawings fees and charges review is very expensive, so the market has been nominal, the de facto monopoly. construction drawing review, in addition to the review of fees, expert little red envelope that is not dripping, quack, quack.
8, Yuni emission permits, noise permits, construction permits
Yuni consecutive night and the noise, the two things that speak specifically to get here, because these two things are most disturbing. I know that in many cities, almost no how control these two things: Yuni and noise. But now, more and more cities, began to strengthen the management of these two things.
Yuni emissions now almost become a major highway management sector, including roads, traffic, the police, the main road making money out. Yuni transport construction vehicles, only in a specified time, the provisions of the roads. But in many cases, do not be so standardized. especially the works to finish the work when it is night and day them, they will dump ah, no way, can only get through all deities.
Yuni during transport, it is easily contaminated surface. I have seen a car in Guangzhou, Panyu, from the Milky Way to spread all the way, the results were fined more than 50,000, contractors work hard to do no use, it is estimated that the transport sector were well done, hit the head of the gun.
noise emission permits, is only in the allotted time, the use of standardized, Construction noise a lighter way. This is a tube with the environmental protection department. Now many cities have banned the use of hammer pile. that thing is not who can stand up and fight, and I remember when I just entered this industry, I rely on, stand at the site where, after listening to the hammering the day, ears were buzzing the next day, almost silly not to hammer. of course, with hammering piles, it is certainly the most economical. as long as nobody, absolutely developers pile with a hammer. So I any case, support to strengthen management in this regard. In addition, continuous construction of those at night, but also to be regulated. Now in some cities, the night continuous construction management, to management was very good such as Guangzhou and Shenzhen. It is true tube well. No matter how find the relationship between immune batch was down. If you had the temerity not submitted for approval to start the night? It blames him more money, and want to support the Government's poverty officials. but the vast Most of the city, alas, that is the point where almost no management.
I come out as the city from three representatives of advanced, some second and third tier cities go, people ask silly EPA, noise emissions and continuous construction at night how to do procedures ah? results severely ridiculed by others many times. quack, I believe there will be seen here after my period, bitter laugh at me, and smug said: There is this document? me No, ah, ah I have here is very simple, what what, just above some smug faces, the same.
Well 9, quality supervision, safety supervision
I to this section to quickly engage in the construction permit out, has written impatient. but can not do anything. procedures came to be such a step by step. construction permit after the expiry of, and I can so I thought, I rely on the back do not know how many procedures. put inspection line, termites control, lightning protection, forecasting painted, pre-sale, professional acceptance, acceptance of the project for the record, until the handover. It was written dead I ah. Why am I suddenly the nerve to write such things? not ah do not understand their understand themselves. Special complain hundred words. Thank you.
quality monitoring stations and safety monitoring stations are under construction sector institutions. to get the construction permit, you must have to go two stops to do examination and approval procedures. The two stations division of labor, I tell you honestly, I could not tell. In my opinion, the quality problems are security problems. I do not understand why pursue two stations, sub-a pipe. For example, I did not pile to play according to prescribed procedures, pile load does not result in compliance, the safety and quality in the end is the problem? I anyway do not know. In short the two institutions had to coax good. Of course the two departments in a number of details still differ. For example, some security problem is relationship with the construction quality is not, for example, workers do not wear safety helmets matter, material piled up heap of friends is not required, these. but in my opinion, safety supervision to eat quality supervision, and as an institution, there is no logic and operation the difficulties.
in the real operation, anything related to testing to do by the quality supervision; without detection, can be found in the general problems with the naked eye, and belongs to safety supervision responsibilities. engage in testing the quality supervision such as pile load testing, cement testing, these things are all fees, so there is no quality supervision in the management of so strict, why, because most rely on the quality supervision fees to feed themselves. irresolute money income, and so on . controlsafety basic charge, but they also can come out a lot of paid services, such as safety training, workers wear smart card to work safely, and so, in short, friends each have their own opportunities.
now in some cities function to test the quality the market has already begun, and the detection unit can be qualified to do testing. I've seen the best of the city of Guangzhou. be the cost of pile testing, only one third the surrounding cities. Well, in the Here, in order to avoid some people do not understand, I say, kick down the piles have to do testing. test qualified, can do the cap and continue to build up. you, you know?
but then, the vast majority of city, this function is quality monitoring stations firmly adheres to. This is also the road construction department of the Health and rich ah. I do not my client was incensed if the Secretary. Hey
10, construction bidding, construction supervision report
construction permit or not write, write death of me, ah ah ah why I think writing this material? I heart flooded with a construction permit to write off the impulse ah eunuchs.
First, I must indicate, in accordance with our current Zhaotoubiaofa, private ...
point land certificate and the construction land planning license these two cards, plus approved planning point is the premise of real estate development. However, these things receiving the order, very knowledgeable. experienced comrades, a look at the issue of these things the time, basically you can determine the plot behind the story. these three things related to the land department and planning department protracted power struggles. At present, China the law does not regulate this issue well.
Well, a brief speech, the land certificate issued by the Land Department, land ownership certificate specifying the period of land use and use (just stated) ; construction land planning license issued by the planning department, is approved for land use and land boundaries of the law; planning points approved by the Planning Department issued, is to determine the intensity of land use indicators of the legal basis, such as building density, plot ratio ah ah parking configuration ah these indicators are required in the approval in the reflected, including the current requirements that limit the percentage of small units will be reflected in this document.
general, a piece of land, must be approved by the planning department planning points awarded the construction land planning license (hereinafter referred to as the regulation permits), the to receive the land use right certificates. It absolutely should be required procedure. because the land department approved by the planning department must be based on land features and land use intensity, to calculate the land transfer payments to the land specified in the certificate of land use and age.
But hey, in reality it, the idea is only an ideal state. because, first, the department of land in many places in the transfer of land when it was not considered planning, directly on the block transfer. And then for others to do the commercial and residential land land-use right certificate. The people can not understand the land transfer model was very popular. and the transferee of the land developers, planning departments Polishing hard again bubble, whether it is to modify the plan or just the plans are not good, anyway, my land transfer is already paid, the rest of the things you get the planning department to give me.
I am not criticizing this land model is easy to breed corruption. you know, out of the formal land transfer is just a beginning in 1990, and to engage in publicly traded in the form of land, or even just only started from 1997. The first piece of publicly traded Beijing land, is listed after the year 2000. I just say that my lack of experience on this issue, the international community has no model for reference. because of our real estate management system that is absolutely unique in the world The. young cynics do not mean here to give me three four. I soaked in the industry these years, at least I personally think that put me in the background of 90 years to go inside, I can not think of a better land transactions mode. the concept of urban planning until now have not popular, not to mention it was.
But in any case, this land transaction is now just history.
new Town and Country Planning Act, eighteen: In the cities, town planning area to provide by way of transfer of state-owned land use rights in the former state-owned land use right transfer, city and county governments to urban planning departments shall, according to detailed plan, the location of proposed land transfer, the use of nature to develop strength of planning conditions, as the state-owned land use right transfer part of the contract. undetermined planning conditions of the land, not state-owned land use right transfer.
to sell state-owned land use rights obtained through the construction project, the signing of the state-owned land use right transfer contract, the construction unit shall, with the approval of construction projects, approval, filing documents and state-owned land use right transfer contract to the city and county governments to rural and urban planning departments for construction land use permit.
City county government planning departments of urban and rural land use planning in the construction shall not permit, without changing the land use right transfer as an integral part of the planning conditions contract.
hope in my future career, not to hold residential and commercial land use planning department of land certificates to wear foam die, amen.
2, the project company set up, project, environmental assessment, the four real estate development qualification
almost every time to start a project must pursue the things. very socialist characteristics. but here are some things very interesting relationship with the law is relatively large, such as the establishment of the project company. Here we must note, the parent company photographed the land, to set up its wholly-owned project company name, according to our laws, not a transaction. I again emphasize: between the parent and its wholly owned subsidiary of the land transfer, not a transaction. reiterates that: not a transaction. Therefore, the real estate company can be set sub-projects company, sold the house and then destroy it in the entity, leaving only a shell. This mode of operation no legal risk at all, very economical and practical, so now the size of a little bit of real estate companies are so dry.
say the project, this thing is purely a product of the planned economy era left behind, very tired, do not know what this thing should be considered. project is mainly on investment projects and feasibility. I do not know the current market, the feasibility of this thing, the perspective from what the government is managed. Anyway, over the depth of the market economy, so the management of this matter is different. Some places are basically not control, in some places on the tube was very strict. and what materials project in the end it is not clear what anyone says. project has relationships with other programs that is even more unusual things casual. such as the recent state policy requiring environmental assessment carried out for first, and then back to project. This is based on strengthening environmental protection for sustainable development considerations. but in many places, the EIA is a major prerequisite for project approval material. legislature can not simply can not do the EIA term. But there are measures under the policy, things are is run out of people. Anyway, so far, projects have to be launched in, I do not know how we are all of these inexplicable policies come through. Anyway, if I make arrangements for these things are basically directly to these departments, for example, to the planning department, let them give me the feasibility study report recommended the establishment of the company, to the EPA, let them give me the preparation of environmental assessment reports recommend the company, and then let the company do these procedures out. preparation of cost does not matter a bit to more. In short I saw these procedures, the first to severe pain.
qualified real estate development that is more a technical content, the key is hard to find professional and technical personnel. Now these information is the province of professional networking and technical personnel, and want to get some balls people basically can not fool the construction sector, construction sector did not dare mess in this matter, because anyone can be found online, so and so is What companies serving what professional qualifications. Now hard to find engineers, structural class, ah, feeling one. hehe.
under a formal planning began to report about construction: master plan review stage.
3, General Plan review stage < br> name for this stage is not around, I hear more is called row, each of them single building how high, how big, how the buildings interval between single building, how much space, enough sunshine, with a total floor area ratio is much, did exceed the specified floor area ratio, building density is How much, how to arrange the road and out of district, is not consistent with fire codes, etc., etc., these things are very professional ah professional.
here to illustrate what I like building density, this thing looks Simple is not it, that is, the base area of the building plot area ratio of the total number. For example, this area is 1 million square meters, 3,000 square meters of buildings on the ground, then the building density is 30%. appears that the calculation should be there is no controversy. But wait. my area of 3,000 square meters inside the building, has 2,000 square meters is a large elevated platform, is the parking under the elevated floor, the air above the green square. Now, the controversy came, I have the 2000 square meters, in the end be considered building basement? reason why you limit my building density, green thing in order to guarantee nothing more than to protect the residents of leisure space thing. Now although I seem to be something built on the ground, but I have this thing on top is green, ah, I did not reduce the green, ah, I ah leisure space has not decreased, so the 2,000 square meters which can not be considered in building density. This type of elevated levels of air garden in the end to do not count in building density problem, anyway, is not limited to death specification, there are endless space for personal gain.
another example, floor area ratio, total floor area divided by the net land area. also looks very simple. but put in practice a Look, Sha is the net land area ah? starting from where ah? is purely contained in the area of land use rights, or is that little more than the large area until around the middle road of the road go? this thing do not know, count how do. to a greater net land area, with a total construction area will naturally increase. This is the place for personal gain.
other places, such as setting fire channel, high-rise buildings must be set up around the fire ring road. But such a practice, the green area basically destroyed. how to do? set the kind of invisible fire road, to keep grass green above, pointed to the drawings that this is a fire road. so do all right? Anyway, I I do not know Daoxing not. fire Road load that is a very strict design requirements drip drop, anyway, I personally do not know that the grass can not afford to carry fire.
master plan is the development of the trial reported that construction of the most activities of technical content, a process generally required 2 to 3 months, and planning departments often have to repeatedly modify and forth, back and forth grinding, grinding the temper of both sides failed to pass too. I have not seen any case can hardly Han Shunshundangdang do the work, waiting to be able to dry through the master plan review. I have not seen the kind of defect of the total graphic design, if we really want, no matter what the company's general layout, whether you are rich or Vanke Agile force or that as long as one to stir up, the problems are baskets of. is not enough distance between the fire is in place can not open the window to open the window, or is the Drive turning radius is too small, and so on and so forth. ( In that boasts one: I Fucai, have tried to complete the work within 10 days, has been cited as a legend. hehe)
4, a comprehensive review of pipelines, drainage pipelines
permit a comprehensive review of the planning department one of professional review, I am now speaking out specifically, because this thing is really very, very professional ah. done well, then it is kill people ah. Moreover, the company was killed this thing everywhere. What you do not think that those who Hopson Poly ah ah like the big companies would not have made this issue a significant error of principle, in fact, no matter what real estate company in the fall issue of the probability of the same , this thing just like drumming mass floral, one that died.
said a long time, pipelines What is this? includes three items: cell to the drain line, strong power lines, weak lines, taken together these three According to co-ordinate arrangements for the design of science, into the same sheet of drawings. to the water without much explanation, is how to tap into the community guidelines, then how the sewage and stormwater discharge area; strong electric power consumption is the line from where to enter, how to go upstairs, how the door; weak content on more than what cable TV lines, various types of communication lines, network lines, internal control lines, etc., etc., many to death. The above three things should be scientific so, all had to go underground, into the buildings from the ground through monomer to be connected to every household.
ah what these lines must be reasonably arranged, moving around is not. As non-professionals, To determine a district official line of integrated design is good, just look at two things: one, you get to walk into a district to see if it is not the wires inside the building and the floor in between the ride. as long as this is basically you do not have much of this area considered.
2, manhole covers is not a basic arrangement along the road to the district, not get everywhere. If you do a manhole covers are all over what is simply not see to come, basically you can consider this area to give up.
why I want to emphasize the pipelines so? If it is poorly designed what consequences? First of all, that is, water supply and drainage problems all day. about rain area becomes a pond thing, I really seen enough of that; and then, for the young me, is the network problems all day, the district network operators did not have a choice, because only a buried pipe, other network operators to provide quality services do not come in line, and now this family is not a bad line here is where the bad all day, repair, and I This is Daguai it, boom, click, off the net. and then, do the summer Do not drive air conditioning, open to a power trip. home appliances have to round the use, do not open with. watching TV do not drive the computer, or have consumed in the dark night. This is not engaged in pipelines ah good sign. You said that such a community, can live with?
pipelines being so important, then we say that we consider when designing good, good research, not on it? In fact, no. Why? because all the lines, you have to bring in from the outside, are out there takes a port. But where is the interface? I'm telling you, no matter how many developers are doing preparatory work in advance, so the number of investigations work, they can not guarantee that the interface does not change reserved. The most common is the municipal sewage pipeline suddenly re-construction, for the place, even if it does not change is the place to raise the level of a few centimeters, due to the inclination of the drainage area enough, that's finished. this kind of thing too common. I am sure you often see municipal pipeline construction, the road digging, make trouble here today and tomorrow to make trouble where it is. Anyway, I was afraid of this thing out. This situation it is like to lose money all else fails. and then, high-voltage wire access port, a good start right from a certain substation access, until construction is completed, access to formal, I suddenly noticed that the substation has been removed, Or it has been over capacity, and can not let you pick, you have to pick from other places, this time can only spend money wasted, and imposing lead. leads to how much power the number of ICC. For, uh, what life will cause The trouble, I do not know.
say to this water permit. this thing is made of the municipal sector, specifically for the drainage area. Now is the diversion of rain water and sewage requirements. is the rain water and sewage to the two points tube row. this thing is the tube diameter and flow, as well as the location of municipal pipelines connected. and then this thing is in turn affects the design of pipelines, in fact, the same thing. I do not say.
5, single review, construction planning permit
planning department review of the single unit design that is very strict, but overall, relative to the master planning, through a little easier.
single design Shane? master planning is based on the implementation of the single building design. These are mainly Han single program content? I was so summary: The key is to implement the size of the space dimensions. this stage something is also very troublesome, Zuifan is parking. now, our major cities have parking issues that are very strict control, the requirements are generally equipped with one parking space per residential, commercial general is 100 square meters with a parking space . general configuration requirements are basically so similar cities. parking spaces is not enough, basically not even think about the review through the monomer.
, of course, during the general master plan review, also Mixed parking spaces, but that stage is mainly experience value, according to 35 square meters to 45 square meters square value of this experience of a parking space, enough to evaluate the basement area, in general, the planning department does not really care enough parking spaces, not a serious number on the drawing. But single stage is not the same to begin counting. What hair trick this time will be spend. such as the so-called picture-spaces matter, do not stop the car into the parking spaces corners also put the matter, and so on and so on, do not A rather full. but sometimes, no matter how inadequate, set in place, it would have the means, that is, claims that I am here to do three-dimensional mechanical parking spaces. dimensional mechanical parking spaces I believe many people have seen, that thing is very bad words, so out of time to spend half an hour it was a very normal thing. But many developers are just lip service, as long as the review by monomer, the mechanical parking equipment that was never installed.
, then, why business that do not want to build bigger basement? that the construction of the basement at a loss. people buy less. I know that this would have a say Fenqing will fire to me, say 10, some 20 million to buy a palm-sized parking bit, the developers also at a loss? The fact is, stop a car, do not only need 10 square meters of space. However, you should go in this car, you also need 30 square meters into the lane. So by experience the value of parking spaces required for each share of the area, basically 35-45 square meters. planning departments so to master. you this car is not STOVL. This is the objective law.
course This is about my experience in some cities, parking can still make money, such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Shanghai, some of the prime real estate, said to be able to buy 40 million parking spaces in one. But this does not mean that general rule. hehe. After
single trial design, design company and then look at the detailed construction plans, construction projects can apply for a planning permit. This process is no technical content. not worth to say. I have a passing out.
But this construction project planning permit, in the new
6, fire and air defense
special review of these two things out dead. I direct so the following two conclusions: no area of the fire and air defense design is compliance. no fire and air defense equipment area is qualified. I have such a direct point: the fire was reported built, is difficult to say, is the most difficult of all professional newspaper under construction, but if the simple can be very simple. As for the air defense reported that construction, this thing somehow, I do not know what the count, I am preparing for any thing, all feel ill.
start the fire start. fire department is the armed police, not the government agencies, have a number of the people's hearts. Our review of the fire, in many cases are very crap, and very bureaucratic. in addition, our developers and, indeed, is not outrageous, to meet the Fire Code, then the investment is too high. In addition, we consumers have no such awareness. because a lot of demands on the fire is of use, such as elevators and stairwells were set up between a fire door, and that the owners and out, this is a very inconvenient. Basically, the fire design is absolutely impossible to do enough to be in strict accordance with specifications feet. In this respect, the review that is more stringent. In general, the developers are entrusted to the fire building construction enterprise agency reported. Why? because these companies and fire departments long-term deal with the thousands of fire departments in the wire Wanlv a long history, often by them to come forward in order to get things done. However, I am here to be fair: those involving fire safety norms, basically no one would dare hands and feet. such as the 12 floors above the fire to set up a dedicated elevator, scissors stairs 17 floors above the set, which is already the iron law of peremptory norms. I personally have not seen developers to these mandatory norms around too, even if they will get around to great rewards, such as a set of stairs to reduce It is such a good thing, ah, but basically no one would dare to follow the above. at least I did not dare. In my future career, I can not.
civil air defense is the same nerve with Chinese characteristics things. I do not know what Suansha. so I will not have a raid to stay in the basement of high-rise buildings, 911 of the vehicle in front of that building is to see. True to the bombing of a building, stay in the basement of the absolute buried alive out. Of course this is only my personal impression, and we do not mind.
civil air defense sector government departments, not the military establishment. for air defense purposes can also engage in that part of the basement parking spaces, but this part is to be zoned out can not be issued certificates of title. This part of the right to use parking spaces only. On the use of civil air defense parking spaces right, and now the controversy is very great. the community has a variety of voices, especially from the view that the nerve through the Property Law are. I tell you what all the air defense purposes, property rights are the State. countries in order to encourage people to engage in civil air defense projects to allow you to temporarily use the. But the property rights, in any case, what can not belong to all owners.
use part of the civil air defense parking spaces because only a temporary nature, can not sell, so developers will definitely be seeking ways to reduce air defense area. In addition, the air defense equipment that is very crazy things, such as air defense that the security door, then do not know Suansha, that thing into the basement to be really, really is out of the bunker. do not know what to prevent.
7, energy review, construction drawing review
receiving construction project planning permit, the design company construction again on the basis of detailed plans to complete construction drawing, utilities and so on all construction drawings and structural calculations of construction plans, etc., to complete energy-saving design, energy-saving calculations to make a book, you can begin the two reviewed.
Energy Review, which in my personal experience, is how the trial will do things. China is now more emphasis on sustainable development, the location of building energy efficiency put more and more high. so to speak: what 360-degree windows , all open-style balcony, enclosed courtyard without these things, certainly not in energy efficiency compliance. do these things, the summer air conditioning was opened to the crazy out. But people like this new thing. Well, where North-South differences is clear: on the north are generally more able to review energy conservation standards, the people in the concept is also more able to accept this, because the North has a heating problem, energy-saving standards of the house can not, in the winter that we will have to take out the heating costs in vain . But the southerners are more of this kind of thing does not wait, see, I like this one, none of your business ah.
this point could not help but think of the dwelling area of 90 sq m accounted for 70% of the 9070 policy say a few words. the Ministry of Construction officials in policy development, will feature with a strong north. northerners consider the request after heating in the winter, did not used to living large. bay more than 6 meters in the living room, the heating on would certainly not up to the. At the same time, without considering the toilets in the light and ventilation requirements, 90 square meters of dwelling space can indeed design a very nice three-bedroom units. This is from the north of the same usage and climate : The air is dry, and the toilet less frequently used, it is generally not used to shower every day. (I say that I this is not a geographical discrimination ah, I is entirely the sake of discussion.) But in the south, just making such a toilet windows, 90 square meters to design a three bedroom, it is almost impossible to accomplish. this little drawing in the map click on the know. the location of the house had a few outward surface, a total number of rooms, toilet do not know where the place. I then involved in several projects, in order to meet the request of this 9070 3 bedroom units can do, designers do not know how many tons of vomit the blood. the company is now forced to do nothing on the market, The introduction of a large number of forced only two bedroom units. Of course, two-bedroom units also can live, but can not raise children, raising children, this one is finished, add children grandparents parents cry, and even places that are not turned . the reality is so cruel drops. the objective law is the case.
Now some companies in order to avoid the 9070, would like some tricks, such as design two houses, then sell it together to get through. In some adverse media publicity caliber , the developer of this approach is called bad things against their conscience. I say nothing.
Well, to say the energy review, one that opened to say so much, I'm sorry I'm sorry. now that construction plans review. construction plan review now the market has been on the surface, and allows developers to find their own construction plan review the qualifications to do the review unit. construction plan review unit must also be accountable for the results of the review. However, the review of our technology is based on the backward , um, how should I say, even the design, construction techniques are very backward, so this review is a matter of opinion, the trial did not do anything. Here I have witnessed about a thing. year of a three-tier cities in the Pearl River Delta, in a Landscape front villa project to build a tower. the tower it, shaped like a spindle, two thin intermediate rough. The Bureau of Inspection Unit to lead people to check on the construction site, work on the frame of this tower, this tower to collapse suddenly, the inspection team all die off. This is a big ah, the Government formed a vast investigation therefore, to investigate the cause of the accident. The first is from the investigation from the design. the results of an investigation, the design maintains no design problems. Then put the review of the drawings sent to re-do a search, then review the staff said, no, the drawings in question. on both sides to a falling out. Finally, both sides could not convince each other. to say that violations of peremptory norms of drawing it, it also not violated. but that does not violate peremptory norms to secure compliance? I see who do not dare to say the words. Finally, the construction unit can only pull out a few fine sentence some money trouble. Hopson is now in Guangzhou of a real estate in front of such a tower is also intended to tree, so when the review is quarreling. Last but not forgotten, because it did not know, safe to anyway in the end I do not know.
drawings fees and charges review is very expensive, so the market has been nominal, the de facto monopoly. construction drawing review, in addition to the review of fees, expert little red envelope that is not dripping, quack, quack.
8, Yuni emission permits, noise permits, construction permits
Yuni consecutive night and the noise, the two things that speak specifically to get here, because these two things are most disturbing. I know that in many cities, almost no how control these two things: Yuni and noise. But now, more and more cities, began to strengthen the management of these two things.
Yuni emissions now almost become a major highway management sector, including roads, traffic, the police, the main road making money out. Yuni transport construction vehicles, only in a specified time, the provisions of the roads. But in many cases, do not be so standardized. especially the works to finish the work when it is night and day them, they will dump ah, no way, can only get through all deities.
Yuni during transport, it is easily contaminated surface. I have seen a car in Guangzhou, Panyu, from the Milky Way to spread all the way, the results were fined more than 50,000, contractors work hard to do no use, it is estimated that the transport sector were well done, hit the head of the gun.
noise emission permits, is only in the allotted time, the use of standardized, Construction noise a lighter way. This is a tube with the environmental protection department. Now many cities have banned the use of hammer pile. that thing is not who can stand up and fight, and I remember when I just entered this industry, I rely on, stand at the site where, after listening to the hammering the day, ears were buzzing the next day, almost silly not to hammer. of course, with hammering piles, it is certainly the most economical. as long as nobody, absolutely developers pile with a hammer. So I any case, support to strengthen management in this regard. In addition, continuous construction of those at night, but also to be regulated. Now in some cities, the night continuous construction management, to management was very good such as Guangzhou and Shenzhen. It is true tube well. No matter how find the relationship between immune batch was down. If you had the temerity not submitted for approval to start the night? It blames him more money, and want to support the Government's poverty officials. but the vast Most of the city, alas, that is the point where almost no management.
I come out as the city from three representatives of advanced, some second and third tier cities go, people ask silly EPA, noise emissions and continuous construction at night how to do procedures ah? results severely ridiculed by others many times. quack, I believe there will be seen here after my period, bitter laugh at me, and smug said: There is this document? me No, ah, ah I have here is very simple, what what, just above some smug faces, the same.
Well 9, quality supervision, safety supervision
I to this section to quickly engage in the construction permit out, has written impatient. but can not do anything. procedures came to be such a step by step. construction permit after the expiry of, and I can so I thought, I rely on the back do not know how many procedures. put inspection line, termites control, lightning protection, forecasting painted, pre-sale, professional acceptance, acceptance of the project for the record, until the handover. It was written dead I ah. Why am I suddenly the nerve to write such things? not ah do not understand their understand themselves. Special complain hundred words. Thank you.
quality monitoring stations and safety monitoring stations are under construction sector institutions. to get the construction permit, you must have to go two stops to do examination and approval procedures. The two stations division of labor, I tell you honestly, I could not tell. In my opinion, the quality problems are security problems. I do not understand why pursue two stations, sub-a pipe. For example, I did not pile to play according to prescribed procedures, pile load does not result in compliance, the safety and quality in the end is the problem? I anyway do not know. In short the two institutions had to coax good. Of course the two departments in a number of details still differ. For example, some security problem is relationship with the construction quality is not, for example, workers do not wear safety helmets matter, material piled up heap of friends is not required, these. but in my opinion, safety supervision to eat quality supervision, and as an institution, there is no logic and operation the difficulties.
in the real operation, anything related to testing to do by the quality supervision; without detection, can be found in the general problems with the naked eye, and belongs to safety supervision responsibilities. engage in testing the quality supervision such as pile load testing, cement testing, these things are all fees, so there is no quality supervision in the management of so strict, why, because most rely on the quality supervision fees to feed themselves. irresolute money income, and so on . controlsafety basic charge, but they also can come out a lot of paid services, such as safety training, workers wear smart card to work safely, and so, in short, friends each have their own opportunities.
now in some cities function to test the quality the market has already begun, and the detection unit can be qualified to do testing. I've seen the best of the city of Guangzhou. be the cost of pile testing, only one third the surrounding cities. Well, in the Here, in order to avoid some people do not understand, I say, kick down the piles have to do testing. test qualified, can do the cap and continue to build up. you, you know?
but then, the vast majority of city, this function is quality monitoring stations firmly adheres to. This is also the road construction department of the Health and rich ah. I do not my client was incensed if the Secretary. Hey
10, construction bidding, construction supervision report
construction permit or not write, write death of me, ah ah ah why I think writing this material? I heart flooded with a construction permit to write off the impulse ah eunuchs.
First, I must indicate, in accordance with our current Zhaotoubiaofa, private ...
Tuesday, February 22, 2011
Xugong to be $ 9,500,000 Investment in Brazil
2 22, Xuzhou Construction Machinery (000425.SZ) announced that wholly owned subsidiary of Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group (Hong Kong) International Trading Co., Ltd. (the million, and Xu workers (Hong Kong) International Development Limited (
announcements, XCMG investment company registered capital of Brazil, $ 10,000,000, Xuzhou Construction Machinery Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Corporation and Hong Kong, Hong Kong companies each invested $ 9,500,000 and 50 million U.S. dollars. February 18 the two sides was signed in Xuzhou, a
notice said the company invested in Brazil in order to implement its international strategy, and vigorously expand the South American market and enjoy the Brazilian
after January 21, the company announced its intention to issue H shares, issued after the release of the scale of not more than 20% of total share capital, and grant the global bookkeeping issuer does not exceed the issue of H shares 15% of the number of shares over-allotment option. Also announced that some funds will be used to expand international business.
2010 since several leading domestic construction machinery industry more competitive company, and Xugong income growth has lagged behind Sany and Zoomlion, the company achieved the first 3 quarters sales of 18.9 billion yuan, and Sany Heavy Industry and Zoomlion first 3 quarters of sales were 25.9 billion and 239 billion yuan. In addition, Sany and Zoomlion has launched the first issue of H shares, Xugong slightly behind the internationalization process.
the same day, the company also signed a controlling shareholder XCMG
2 21, to close at 57.26 yuan Xugong, up 1.35%.
(This article Source: Financial Network)
announcements, XCMG investment company registered capital of Brazil, $ 10,000,000, Xuzhou Construction Machinery Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Corporation and Hong Kong, Hong Kong companies each invested $ 9,500,000 and 50 million U.S. dollars. February 18 the two sides was signed in Xuzhou, a
notice said the company invested in Brazil in order to implement its international strategy, and vigorously expand the South American market and enjoy the Brazilian
after January 21, the company announced its intention to issue H shares, issued after the release of the scale of not more than 20% of total share capital, and grant the global bookkeeping issuer does not exceed the issue of H shares 15% of the number of shares over-allotment option. Also announced that some funds will be used to expand international business.
2010 since several leading domestic construction machinery industry more competitive company, and Xugong income growth has lagged behind Sany and Zoomlion, the company achieved the first 3 quarters sales of 18.9 billion yuan, and Sany Heavy Industry and Zoomlion first 3 quarters of sales were 25.9 billion and 239 billion yuan. In addition, Sany and Zoomlion has launched the first issue of H shares, Xugong slightly behind the internationalization process.
the same day, the company also signed a controlling shareholder XCMG
2 21, to close at 57.26 yuan Xugong, up 1.35%.
(This article Source: Financial Network)
Monday, February 21, 2011
Battle of Nanchang (c)
IX counterattack prepared
Nanchang in Nanchang, Wuning, high-security has the fall, the Nineteenth Army and Army retreated thirty high-security, Fengxin, Jing'an, Wuning confrontation with the Japanese line. The third Twelve army, seventy-ninth Army, Forty-ninth and seventy-military forces to successfully break through the high areas, but very heavy casualties ministries, especially the forty-ninth Army. the Japanese after the fall of founding the high-security once Nanchang so much tension in the ninth theater, afraid the Japanese army re-assembled into the plains of northern Hunan glimpse of Romania will be headquarters to the commander in chief at this time high, from west to east against the Japanese attack on command. Xuezhang Guan is that adhere to the high power front, in any case can not go wrong again. while seventy-fourth Army and the first line of defense in Jinjiang Army rushed to block the first six high-security onslaught Division, before the front stabilized.
the Central Military Commission will observe the enemy. after the fall in Nanchang the Japanese army stationed in Nanchang, the first division and a high security, the first six Division stationed Anyi, Fengxin, Jing'an Triangle area, the Sixth Division stationed Wuning, Ruo River. And then Fang Dean to between the mixed brigades Yongxiu group guarding the main points of the fourteenth Zeyi maintain traffic. the Japanese original that is ready to launch in East battle, the Eleventh Army military and the Sixth Artillery Brigade deployed immediately after the fall of Nanchang, Wuhan, war decompile the team is dispersed in situ. JMC judged the Japanese in northern Jiangxi decentralized state, if the force struggling to blow, not impossible to recover the matter of Nanchang. Nanyue military conference at Chiang Kai-shek declared in that campaign will be limited contain the consumption of enemy counterattack Nanchang indicated by the highest commander of the principles of war. So the fall in Nanchang, the JMC but sharpening, ready to take the Japanese occupation forces in the new spread attack the occasion Cheng Xu. Chiang JMC in April military conference announced three hundred thousand troops will gather counterattack north of Jiangxi and Guangzhou. and make further sacrifices sixty bombers to bomb the Japanese mainland, Che consistent principle of the second war to annihilate the enemy offensive. IX Theater adhering to the chairman of the wishes, actively took steps to train troops, ready to counterattack Nanchang.
April 17, the CMC will be issued instructions in April attack, the two war zones should be clearly set out to attack Nanxun Road, the main enemy, the enemy is indeed cut off contact, then a straight take Nanchang. attack the start time is scheduled for April 24.
i first army to a security monitor enemy Fengxin An Yijing, Raiders of the camera, at least two divisions from the main Feng Xin Yi to the music of Yongxiu Nanxun Road between the advancing enemy completely destroyed after the road traffic and cut off support.
ii seventy-fourth the military to a high-security monitoring Raiders of the enemy and the camera, the main city of Xishan Longevity Palace to the cattle by the pleasures of the way forward between the Nanxun cut off the enemy's support and the Raiders of Nanchang war effort.
this is the art of war ����
iii all the forty-ninth successive high-security aspects of the military advance, the total reserve.
iv thirty Second Army should stick to a current position, the main theater at least three pilots and the ninth phase of Nanchang coordinate break the enemy, the occupation of the camera. The army troops attacked a group should be grouped, works by means of Xiqu Nanchang surprise. These ministries are owned by the first Luo Zhuoying theater commander in chief command of the Front Nine.
v Wuning regard to the thirty-strong army of a permanent repair to the advance north of Nanxun Road, the main enemy attack Wuning occupation of the camera.
in the Battle of Nanchang withdrawal of the military rectify the thirty-second, seventy-military forces and the seventy-ninth position at this time prepared for the defense forces, high above the center, still pull a single line of defense. Chiang arranged thirty-third theater Second Army main forces for the Nanchang area. XIX Army command and seventy-fourth forty-ninth Army troops with high-security aspects of their main attack, relying on two army attack Nanchang. First Army is to the safety and justice, Jing'an, Fengxin the direction of advance, to contain the Japanese in order to advance on the two easy. Wuning thirty main army, and an advance to the enemy's rear, cut off from Wuhan to land traffic between the north of Jiangxi. In the attack on a military deployment to the terrain goal oriented, and high emphasis to the safety of Gonglue Nanchang, the mobilization among the fifteen million strong, the arrangements for the siege of only seven divisions of troops, and fifteen divisions to cut off a large enemy transport and troops check the switch to the Japanese troops, deployed in the offensive strategy is correct. as long as the freedom to transfer the Japanese troops, sixty thousand Japanese troops will be able to transport capacity of its advantages in high-An, Nam Cheong and righteous Xin Feng fighting between the advantages of playing inside. So the military must involve so many people, bound by the Japanese field army deployed a large number of actions. and on military firepower in the crucial limitations, making the Nanchang area Gonglue form must be completed by surprise, but also a big problem. But biggest problem the military, or the separate ways force the pace of contacts between coordinated attack, which the Front General Command of the strict test of the operation and command ability, but based on the attacking force is composed of four phases of command of the Army is not responsible for Luo Zhuoying the Army will be thirty, thirty-second Army and First Army almost exclusively on the status of resident supervision, which is the biggest offensive force at the difficulties. the lack of overall responsibility for a powerful counter-offensive campaign headquarters in Nanchang main cause of failure.
CMC will be the third theater for the Nanchang area thirty-second attack on the main Army, thirty-seven Army divisions focused on an army, battle sequences are as follows:
total thirty-second Army
Chief of Staff Commander Shangguan phase will
Chen Zhong will
the twenty-ninth Army Commander Lieutenant General Chen Bao Liu Yuqing
division will be the twenty-sixth Division
seventy-ninth paragraph Long, such as Major General
the beginning of pre-five division has Hom
Major General He Ping, directly under the
XVI will
First Division, Second Division, Lieutenant General Zhang Bai-hui Zhan good advice
forty teachers will Ten pre-division, Major General Jiang Chaoxiong
Shangguan General is the military phase of the Titans, the original coalition is the fourth of five provinces and Sun Chuan-fang Division. Northern Expedition allegiance to the revolution, the Central Plains War Lianyungang hit by the Ping-Han Lu . Civil War battlefield, the main Yue Wan, also participated in the siege after the fifth Zhuiji Zhan. in the border area before the war is appeasement Yue Wan, director, responsible for crucial areas of the central garrison. Resistance Army XI Corps Hing Shang transferred to Army chief General to participate in Battle of Shanghai. after the war will be the third to serve the theater commander of the Gu Zhutong only by long, as the thirty-second tone Shangguan Army Commander General, responsible for aspects of the third defense of the theater Zhegan. September 1938 month, Shangguan commander in Wuhan, the most intense battle of the occasion, led his troops captured north of Yixing, Liyang, and out of Zhenjiang, threatening the Yangtze River water, causing tremendous pressure on the Japanese. is a small number of large-scale military offensive was the Army on the Zhuoranyoucheng Commander in Chief. twenty-ninth Army Department of the original designation of the Northwest Military Sung Che-yuan, after the War Song Xing Department of Army for three military expansion, the original twenty-ninth Army designation revoked. in Shanghai outstanding performance during the war seventy-ninth division, the Central Military Commission will be based on the seventy-ninth division of the twenty-ninth of new military expansion, the seventy-ninth division of the General as the commander Chen Po. twenty-ninth Army under the jurisdiction of the seventy-ninth division, the twenty-sixth Division and The first Second Division. seventy-ninth Division, Department of the Zhejiang is the sixth division of the expansion of the military out of the team, did well during the Civil War. Twenty-sixth Division is a living the old central Sichuan army, war in Shanghai adhere to large field annihilated, was especially outstanding, and was elected to Shanghai five divisions fighting one of the best results. January 1938 Chiang Kai-shek Shouyu full reconstruction of this motley crew in Wuning Sichuan army, followed by redeployment of Jiujiang. July 1938, this newly completed military training and adhere to Hukou, the casualties by one third. again be regarded as a powerful force fighting efforts. The first is the old Second Division, Qian Jun, medium combat power . in the south of there disobedience unauthorized withdrawal of combat records, transferred to pre-Battle of Nanchang, Nanchang, performance is poor.
marshalling in offensive Shangguan with only a military commander, but assembled a seven infantry divisions. battle power is mixed. fortieth tax police division is the original total group, in Shanghai, War and suffered heavy casualties during fighting south of Henan Province, is the whole complement. sixteenth division is the backbone of any key Hunan forces, the performance of the war in Shanghai poor teacher dismissal. and very heavy casualties, combat capability greatly reduced. pre-ten team division is based on adaptation of the new Zhejiang security forces, the war will shine, but lack of experience at this time is significant. Poyang originally pre-Fifth Division the lake is responsible for the water alert, do not face the opposition pre-battle, when the Army transferred to the twenty-ninth, as the leading guide.
the Front Nanchang offensive theater commander Luo Zhuoying still the ninth line of command and the responsibility will be negative . Lo sits on will be at this time, mainly the high command of the Nineteenth Army's Gonglue security operations. on the left wing of the Army and the Nanchang area thirty-thirty-second Army command is only nominal. X Nine Army troops for the attack at this time will be transferred to support the Central Military Commission reserves the seventy-fourth the total Army and the First Army. XIX Army to forty-ninth Army to attack the military backing, and two routes into the attack. all the way up against the Western Hills Longevity Palace, all the way to separately in the face of high security paradox crossing, the enemy unable to identify the location of our army to cross the river. seventy-fourth Army Corps to attack the main force, the military frontal attack terracotta Street, High Security. is the first Army two-pronged, all the way up against the saddle ridge, the military wing attacks on the cover, and contain the first six divisions in the main Fengxin; all the way to the check Anyi, Jing'an around the enemy, and the other a teacher cut off the Jing'an, Anyi behind enemy lines traffic. The first Army combat power is not strong, so the only responsible for the siege of interception, wide cut enemy positions, so that the enemy can not call each other assistance, will be the first trip in six divisions Feng Xin Yi District, the Nineteenth Army to lift the pressure on the northern flank . Lo commander in chief not only invade the ultimate goal of high security, but also to the line and out of cattle, raw rice Street, north of Fu Cheong Wing, with its thirty-second Army siege. even prepared to Xiqu Tu Jia Bu, the first one division off the enemy Mission of the return.
battle early in Nanchang, the fall of Wuning though, but the defense did not collapse thirty Army, it is only a piece of concave front. the offensive planning, the mausoleum is the base commander will be the responsibility of the main front straightened, the camera recover Wuning. but be pro-Chiang Wang Xiushui Army north to cut off the Japanese lines of communication, coordinate Nanchang's counterattack. Tomb base commander at this time only four divisions. Eighth Army and the seventieth all three services make adjustments, pressure dwarf increasingly important.
thirty-second Army was the main attack troops, while the army attacked their own layout, very flexible. Pai Chung-hsi, director of Guilin-line business in three divisions will plan prepared for the Army frontal attack forces, two divisions of the series for the second-line troops to cut off Nanxun road traffic. Shangguan General to the seventy-ninth division, pre-five teachers and the composition of the Second Division of Nanchang, the first siege forces, all the strongest army in the war seventy-ninth division is the main attack troops scheduled to Nanchang, a single division sudden raid southeast corner of the main pre-five division units of regiments and battalions Zeyi Nanchang Chengxiang sneak attack the enemy, and pulled out a mission to change into civilian clothes, mixed with Nanchang city, ready to seventy-ninth division from which to coordinate the raid. The first is the Second Division Army Reserve as an attack, and is responsible for the Fu River and tributaries on the outskirts of Nanchang to build pontoon. Army division in the twenty-sixth of the total reserve, with the After seventy-ninth division advance to the Fu River. XVI teachers and pre-ten divisions are in Fu, Gan River from south to north between the attacks, the Japanese cut of the cloth along the road base construction, cut off rail and road traffic. forty-division stationed in the control Fuhe positions for the reserve.
Thirty-second Army to surprise attack the principle of intention to share in the Japanese new powerhouse, guard the occasion to bang up against Nanchang collaboration from within. s Thirty Army launched the attack at less than fifty kilometers away from Nanchang, only one day forced march away, but in a sideways route Fuhe attack, attack before the enemy troops must cross the river. In order to maintain secrecy to avoid detection by the Japanese machine detect, Shangguan commander in batches shipped only at night crossing forces. The forces to cross the river soon after the guard outpost with the Japanese base hit and checked sleep, so the time is bound to be excited in the first hammer blow. under the constraint of the two-fold, the assembly efficiency of assault troops had time only to start a division around. Japanese garrison in the city for the first of a main division, Shangguan general recognize that we can rely on the power of annihilating a division, so Teachers can only hope that the seventy-ninth and pre-five-under division in a strike to cause panic to extract a Japanese city, after the first twenty-sixth Division Second Division and Fu River Crossing and then enter the Nanchang to seize the position. when Luo Commander of the Corps should also have to attack north of the city of Nanchang, the first by a division if the withdrawal will surround and annihilate. Japanese lines of communication should also be in the ideal and the thirty-first Army Army troops cut off their south , the Nanchang City will be able to consolidate before the enemy. The attack plan is very creative, lively and bold, but there are significant risks in implementation.
thereto thirty-second Army counter-offensive in April Nanchang
on the 23rd, covering the thirty-second Army troops deployed. pre-sixteenth division began ten against division and first division in Nanxun a road base. but pre ten thousand Mountain Division that was the first Japanese attack stubborn resistance very heavy casualties. XVI attacks are ineffective teachers. two divisions of the small base but was tripping the Japanese. Lo commander received a report on this victory, the pre-advise the division ten pilots and sixteenth positions not to be the Japanese arrest East, to over the hollow area, toward the Fengxin, seventy-fourth to the high security army is steadily advancing.
April 24, pre-five plainclothes division successfully sneaked into the group in place of Nanchang, the first Second Division is also actively planning to set up pontoon, so that the seventy-ninth division in batches through the Fu River. seventy-ninth Division in the 25th through the first night the two groups, cross the river, only to repel a small Japanese outposts to full speed around the Japanese base to Nanchang hurry. April 26 before dawn, seventy-ninth Division arrived in Nanchang, the outskirts of the main potential. seventy-eighth twenty-sixth Division standby brigade to cross the river open to the Fu River. But the first division of the armed forces of a penetration appears to be no military alert.
seventy-ninth division potential after the arrival suburbs of Nanchang, Shangguan not aware of the Japanese commander see, missed, immediately ordered the section of Long as the beginning teachers and teachers have started Hom siege. II dawn on the 16th, Duan Long, such as teachers, telephone order received after the siege, led the second group three to five groups and the second wave for the gas to Panax Japanese positions in Nanchang City Defense Chengxiang sudden, scored a new suburb of Nanchang Airport. pre-five division undercover mission is arson in urban areas on time, and the Japanese authorities raid the barracks, with the first of a fierce street battles Division. Japanese unguarded, quite panic. However, the seventy-ninth division attack When arrived in Nanchang city defense position superior firepower of the Japanese Jibei resistance, in the absence of artillery raid force is difficult to break into the support of the city, lost the first time raid. The first solid footing after a division in the urban area to a to meet the challenge, the major comeback effort is out of the city seventy-ninth division. seventy-ninth division can not be rushed into Nanchang, undercover mission outnumbered and had to break through the withdrawal of the urban area.
April 27, the first of a Division seventy-ninth out of the city repulsed the main divisions, and to seize the suburban locations, deploy defense. Shangguan chief of the new division through Nadekawa seventy-eighth twenty-sixth and seventy-ninth Brigade Second Division Three Six groups support the seventy-ninth division. seventy-ninth section of Long Division in the attack, such as teachers determined to be shaken after the setback, not only did not seek to further penetration into the use of reinforcements, but to give up the task into the sweep of Nanchang. the 28th section of teachers and self-assertion The second group changed to the first battalion of three to five teams waiting for an opportunity to forge the gap enemy attack drill Nanchang, teachers and the rate of seventy-ninth section of the main division to avoid the front, the offensive side of the Liantang Nanchang City. Shangguan commander in chief has been reported that the wrath of abnormal segments This is no different from the first commander of a division to provide time to adjust deployment means Nanchang surprise has lost its meaning.
April 29 Shangguan teachers back to the attack section commander strictly Nanchang, then do not stay. GU Happy with the commander of the outgoing immediately after receiving the report, teachers will be removed from paragraph seizure, seventy-ninth Division assistant division commander from the tension led to re-gathered white main Zaigong Nanchang, the crime figure wearing power. Guojun within ten kilometers in the suburbs of Nanchang and Japan Army melee. seventy-ninth Division in the conflict between the second group approximation Panax Nanchang city wall, but the first division has been deployed in a suburb, with fortifications of firepower, assault troops no breakthrough. First Division in a panic over-estimated strength of the military's siege, urgent telegram requesting that Eleventh Army reinforcements. Yasuji Okamura area at this time is preparing to attack eastern part of Hubei, unable to deploy troops, so the ESC in the Japanese Marines Couchu Jiujiang about one brigade boat transfer from the Gan River Lake, water Nanchang.
siege started in Nanchang, the Division will be the first one is dying in the city of Nanchang, a move key. In this tense moment, responsible for the truncated Japanese traffic between the sixteenth division encountered in promoting a strong and fortified Japanese stronghold sand lake ports, the original sixteenth division should be around this stronghold Nanxun Road and xiangtang road to a positive advance, but what teachers actually in the sand flat Lake ports throughout the division before the start, the trouble to prepare for difficult areas. even if there is an enemy stronghold Lo tie him commander in chief has not allowed the power that the former, regardless of what level teachers are still the main task of truncated lines. Sand Lake port of the first one Division troops no more than a brigade, where teachers from April 24 May 1 hit, in this small stronghold before the consumption of a whole week, still no results, it is obviously an excuse to avoid fighting. He Commander of the International Liaison stupid exercise in the Nanchang military launched the offensive after a week still true flow. Shangguan commander in chief of the division of the delay rather disappointed XVI, April 30 Shangguan strictly sixteenth division commander in the 30th to the evening Sand Lake City captured. But He Ping Shangguan commander in chief of teachers strictly on deaf ears. May 1, pre-twelve tone division commander Shangguan bound to participate in the siege of Sand Lake ports, hoping to remove the obstacles as soon as possible, cut off roads.
how teachers directly affect the negative attitude of Nanchang war. the Japanese people support to six thousand marines Nanchang, that water transport across the Lake, after landing back in the national army to highway transport in Nanchang. If the teacher can actually perform XVI cut off the Japanese military transport task, of course, was the first of a Division will be out to attack, but can also interrupt the Japanese supply and distributed to reach the first division defenders force a double objective. He has to preserve the strength of teachers priority excuse into the vine, resulting in Nanchang siege forces will be outnumbered and doomed, thereby adversely affecting the special deep.
May 1, Chiang severe dereliction of duty were at the commander, and strictly positive storming the thirty-second Army Nanchang: Seventy-nine division of the military intelligence section of Long as false, thereby adversely affecting the aircraft, with the army before the Dhamma. sixteenth division combat ineffective, should be ordered to wear the crime map work. and to make Shangguan supervise operations chief went to the front. the military as combat ineffective shall be jointly responsible, limited to capture Nanchang May 5. (Note Ten).
(Note Ten) of the Whampoa Military Academy Long as three teachers, Miss Great special class III graduated from the Central Army be very good general knowledge. segment teachers worked a long time in the seventy-ninth Division, by the head of the brigade commander and division commander. Nanchang, the general to abandon the original objectives of attack is very strange. Maybe he want to move to flank attack, attack the flank of the defenders in Nanchang? However, the general surface, showing a frontal attack on the tragic Victims are afraid. originally in the hands of the Japanese city will not recover easily, most cases of military success is to rely on the enemy by surprise raids, such as a ninety-four twenty-year teachers recover Zhengzhou November. and in a Warrior For example, in one of the city recover the recover of Nanning in October 2094, victories are rare. Section Long as teachers once determined to shake, to give up raids recklessly, Nanchang, almost no possibility of capture.
May 2, Shangguan phase transition chief Lee personally supervise operations Fuhe front, adjust the deployment of attack. Jiuzhan tired of the seventy-ninth division transfer line to succeed the twenty-sixth Division Fuhe garrison tasks. Nanchang military siege by the twenty-ninth Chen An Baojun Fuhe unified command has passed a long twenty-sixth division, pre-five and seventy-ninth division the second division group Panax storm front again. Nanxun Road also responsible for the truncation of the sixteenth division commander at this time was He Ping Shangguan commander severely reprimanded for what teachers Shangguan unified command commander sixteenth division, pre-ten Second Division Third Division with the first four groups responsible for attacking the sand lake ports. Nanxun Road, then cut the task has failed, the Japanese reinforcements Nanchang and supplies have entered the first division was able to divide our forces to consolidate a position suburbs, and the main counter-attack the military. But He Ping Shangguan commander insisted teachers completed the Gonglue Sand Lake ports, intended to punish similar. He Ping teachers in section of teachers who were executed after the very fear, not neglect to urge the troops all out at once. the Japanese are still clear at this time the road by a large number of reinforcements to ease transportation of sand lake ports, where teachers disastrous. XVI to the fourth division Mission to intercept Japanese reinforcements sixteen, forty-seventh and forty-eighth regiment regiment positive out of poverty, little progress. He Ping teacher supervision policy to the military, and shot forty-sixth regiment of the avant-garde attack battalion commander Peng Liheng negative. At this point the flank Ten teachers were expected but fierce Japanese counter-attack and halt. Japanese as reinforcements arrived, they have basically released a considerable force can be used to cut off lines of communication should be Fu Guojun two divisions.
receiving long Chen An Baojun command, ranging from their assembly is completed, immediately rushed to Nanchang lead a military front line. At this point the Japanese air raid frequently, the military had to spend the night completely Fuhe, cross the river to the civilian vessels when they can collect less, so the first twenty-six five division and pre-main division is very slow to cross the river. Chen An Baojun-long offensive in the twenty-sixth Division deployed to five division and pre-start side by side, while storm. But the real attack of the lack of coordination of schedule, but the formation of fragmented nature of the isolation. pre-five first division in the May 4 through the Fu River from Red Bridge, cross the river directly after the main attack Nanchang. Chen commander led a night in the May 4th Division VII of the twenty-sixth eighth trip to Hong Kong in EBARA Crossing Fu River, and the seventy-ninth Division II joined the small group Panax running forward to Nanchang. But the main force of the twenty-sixth division to cross the river to ���� night operations to complete. Liu Yuqing teachers the division rate of the day before to catch up with the seventy-eighth Brigade commander.
May 4, Air Force Captain First Battalion Gongying Cheng led a brigade of the SB-2 of a group of bombers took off from Chengdu, Nanchang bombing. but the second Army had a chance to expand the nineteenth raid, ground and air coordination is also far from circumspect, and there is no direct impact on the resistance of the first of a division. In return the Air Force after the pre-five teacher before advancing to the next city of Nanchang.
pre-five division to cross the river After the Japanese army to avoid facing a strong fortified positions of some small and hoping to take pontoon to facilitate follow-on force to follow up. was the beginning teachers in their assembly Hom full force after the person courageously attack the Governor, the first sweep of a division of troops outside the city soon retracted Nanchang city, pre-five teachers have been attacked in Nanchang city defense was only the Japanese artillery fire stopped before the fence. Japanese lines in the urban flood barrier after the firepower, bombing at the full bomber force, pre-five division suffered heavy casualties fortifications forward not back , and are unable to separate breakthrough, have had to retreat to wait for reinforcements.
the twenty-sixth division to cross the river in the May 5 to complete, Liu Yuqing teachers two-pronged, a seventy-eighth Brigade repelled Japanese brigade, across Lake Yao base toward the Nanchang. seventy-sixth trip to the second group Panax is a positive initiative, the twenty-ninth and seventy-sixth Army brigade military counterparts. seventy-eighth Brigade Brigadier Wang Kejun after crossing the lake Yao , led the troops directed at the old airport in Nanchang, broke through the Japanese positions, taking the total station in Nanchang, and into the old airport. Japanese military aircraft within the airport have an emergency take-off, and no time to take off three aircraft were destroyed seventy-eighth Brigade . First Division much of a shock, to strike back to the airport, could not withstand the seventy-eighth Brigade, retreated to Liantang City.
seventy-sixth trip across the Nanchang midnight on May 6 suburban rail lines, and Japanese experience. First Division in the repulse of a pre-trip five divisions and seventy-eighth after the full counterattack, the military directly under the twenty-ninth and seventy-sixth Brigade troops have been thrust, a long steady command of the seventh Chen An Baojun Travel-place sixteen against. Liu Yuqing teacher is lead a Te Wulian supervise operations in the firing line, his left leg was hit by a stray bullet. the Japanese to attack the second main group Panax, and fire fighters overhead. The second group in the melee Panax was cut scattered, the Japanese captured position in the early morning high ground, Chen led a secret rafts An Baojun long line of fire against organized forces hit the Japanese breakthrough in the battle hit by the enemy artillery, heroic late (note XI).
(Note k) Chen An Baojun long Baoding Military Academy graduates third, is the former Zhejiang generals. in Shanghai during the war seventy-ninth division rate of outstanding performance, promoted the twenty-ninth Army commander. in Nanchang, causing siege after siege killed military great shock, but also the Central Military Commission will finally decide to stop attacking the causes of Nanchang. A July 2094 Army General posthumously. CHEN An Baojun who died after a long twenty-ninth Army commander General successor by the Liu Yuqing, the military later in the war zone compiled by finishing cut.
Chen commander killed, twenty-ninth Army colonel led his army chief of staff of the Ministry of Xu Xu removed FireWire. seventy-sixth trip is almost surrounded by the Japanese, gradually re-injury. The first Fifth Third The head of the North Pavilion Mission supervise operations Xie was killed, troops killed or injured in the melee and exhausted, with rates of CAI group significantly break the remnants of hundreds of people. seventy-sixth brigade commander killed in Chen morale after the collapse, Zhou Brigadier uninterested group, led the troops to break through.
May 7 at noon, Romania, after fighting commander in chief that the siege of Nanchang, Nanchang siege has failed to understand the potential, in order to avoid further losses, but to allow the military retreated to ask the twenty-ninth River occupy the position. But the commander of Romania in the electric power that still bloom in the sixteenth division completed strictly Side Lake sand port attack missions. Shangguan commander in chief after receiving the order, extremely discouraged, so that the whole army to stop offensive power, Article Nine Army, the first ten teachers and pre-Second Division Fuhe the ferry blockade, in Fu line to start and stop the sand port sixteenth division offensive Lake area, on standby. makes ironic that this applies to siege Three shot two seventy-five mountain artillery regiment with, then finally overcoming all difficulties to open the Fu River, just joined the line of defense.
section XI of the seventy-fourth high-security military offensive in March
seventy-fourth Army high security two-two, has learned the geography of the terrain near the high security and high security systems are voluntarily giving up, seventy-fourth, although separated from the military confrontation with the Japanese Jinjiang, but the front still force the temporary high security, control, enabling breakthrough. Yu Jun a long time to rely on counter-attack on the deployment of a similar high-security arrangement in order to face sudden fifty divisions, fifty-eighth Division flank support, Fifty-seventh Division were behind enemy lines, high-An Shoujun roundabout. military onslaught on three sides, attempt to recover the high security in one fell swoop.
April 20, seventy-fourth Army and the Army through the forty-ninth Jinjiang, advancing to high security. the Japanese first division in the first three of a wing and the first five Seven high-security wing stick, heavily fortified, ring cloth base. fifty-first division lead to attack, frontal attack. fifty-seventh divisions behind enemy lines while shielding according to plan. Japanese military found a large force to attack and immediately counter-attack organization , fifty pilots and the fifty-eighth Division side by side with the enemy melee, fighting fierce. fifty-eighth Division III four-four groups in the Third Battalion Li Haishan supervise operations in the battalion commander was killed. Zeyi the first forty-ninth Army cover fifty-five division division flank, swept behind enemy lines into the pre-September. The first five divisions to face the Japanese army forced shelling attack and launched a feint, to contain the Japanese. Jinjiang after the ride that is swept into the third one-three brigades Gaoyou. pre is the division into nine divisions behind enemy lines, advance to the raw rice street.
the 23rd, the Japanese First Division Zifeng six new tune a car destined for a high-security wing, Yu reported immediately after the military look Command Unit ended its fifty-eighth Division refused reinforcements into the city. von Holy Master three companies long to the third and fourth four-four groups and the third ambush, destroying more than the Japanese cars will be repelled stock reinforcements. The third four times seven groups An Shoujun flank the winding high. The first three United desperate resistance, fierce fighting.
At the same time rate of fifty-seventh division commander Shi Zhongcheng first trip into the high-An Feng sixty-nine new enemy zone between the first six Li Yan brigade commander led his troops in nine brigades claim enemy attack, vertical and horizontal conflict, captured the third largest city Sanjiu Group Third Battalion, First Battalion broke into the commanding heights of the Western Hills Longevity Palace, the impact of the north wing of the portal of Nanchang, the first six divisions much vibration. < br> on the 25th morning, when the commander see the positive economic Yu stalemate fighting, by the fifty-seventh Division, Second Regiment out of the third and fourth side of the passage of two battalions, the Japanese position chaos, fifty-one division up a victory Mengjin. twenty���� midnight, the third five-battalion regiment captured the third high-wing doors Anzai Yao village. Third Second Battalion, Second Regiment beyond the sudden, in one fell swoop capture the high ground north of the city with high security, heavy firepower of the battalion fire immediately, cover up the attacking forces, and Climbing Wall bravely rushed into the high-security team, fifty teachers, teacher Li Tianxia siege went to the command line of fire. midnight moment fifty teachers scored high security main city of fierce street battles with the Japanese, the Japanese release a large number of poison gas, for the difficulties fight the beasts, but still can not stop the fifty-first division of the sharp attacks. high An Shoujun seeing no hope of the first six Division should aid and had to flee Nanchang break. fifty high-security division against the city Candi night. II on the 16th morning, Candi completely eliminated, Yu commander issued a high security of the Herald recover.
cover the flank of the first fifty-five division division Yaoxian city fire safety and noise of high boiling, that division has been into the city street fighting fifty , also to the sixth twenty-five group conflict, Third Battalion Sixth twenty-five rushed to the high security group northeast corner of the city, but was repulsed the Japanese. In the fifty-first occupation of high-security division, the first five teachers have taken advantage of advance , captured Gaoyou.
28 April, Yu Chiang encouragement of economic power when pro-commander: exposed to neither fight nor its keep the weaknesses, so I the spirit of all officers and men consequent boost its duties, special for the comfort. hope Dulv men continue its efforts to achieve the task counterattack to complete the revolutionary mission. In the fifty-informed high-security division recover immediately after the power that the fifty-eighth Street Division to continue to promote the terracotta. At this point the military pre-nine forty-ninth straight division Chi Gan River, thirty-third regiment at Camp III Cheng Xu capture of raw rice on the 16th Street crossing, the enemy troops urgently to launch transport strike back, the third battalion temporarily retreat. Lo power commander news report that the main pre-nine teachers spent the night in the 26th Jinjiang, the raw rice Street, cattle line advance.
April 27, fifty teachers in the consolidation of high-security positions, the shift forward of clouds view. Chaishan Japanese positions die, according to Mao. Litian Xia shelling teachers strike forced the entire division focused on Mao Shibayama, the second group and third group in the third six courageously Yanggong mortars under cover, the Japanese defeated the records, some Kuibing change into civilian clothes mixed in among the fleeing refugees. fifty-first across the Mau Chai Mountain Division, seized positions clouds outlook . fifty-eighth division advance to the terracotta Street. Fifty-seventh Division III Sanjiu Group is forced into the Xishan Longevity Palace, and had just moved back here from the high security wing of the first three first brigade fighting.
Xishan Longevity Jin Jiang and Gan Jiang Gong is the confluence area of the high ground, and recapped the high security to the traffic between Fengxin is the most important gateway to North Road, Nanchang, the Japanese army depot here and there. Japanese high security will again be defeated army retreated after Xishan Longevity Palace First sixty-nine brigade combat violent, almost crashes. Japanese clinging to the Western Hills Longevity Palace, and continue to organize counter-attack, hoping to relieve the pressure support to the Nanchang area, then the concentration of forces northward.
April 27, the Japanese sixteen Division moves frequently, it seems ready to enter the Japanese assistance to the Western Hills area Longevity Palace Front, First Army did not meet the purpose of containment. Fengxin Yu commander of the enemy but by the constraints, the seventy-fourth the military offensive so gradual stagnation. on the 28th afternoon, Yu commander to adjust deployment, the War Torn tired wing rest fifty division transferred to the fifty-seventh Division front view of the main relieve clouds, fifty-eighth Division occupied the Lotus Hill. Only seventy-fourth Army brigade fifty-seventh divisions continue to attack the first sixty-nine Xishan Longevity Palace, the offensive stalled.
April 29 at midnight, pre-nine teacher Rick raw rice Street, threatening cattle line. s Gan River Ferry made nineteenth Army. First Division in Nanchang, a north wing door wide open, after much tension, immediately organize forces counter-attack Xishan Longevity Palace, Gaoyou with uncooked rice Street. behind enemy lines, the first advance of the fifty-seventh Division sixty-nine trip into a bitter struggle with the pre-nine divisions.
Luo incentives at this time seventy-fourth Army chief of persistent efforts, to attack Western Hills Longevity Palace, but left the slow advance of the first army, the Japanese army in the vicinity of Fengxin The troops are free to transfer, Yu commander fearing attack alone, but the first six divisions were circuitous, and the new high-security defense has occupied a lot of outlay of the seventy-fourth military power, so only out of the fifth commander Yu eighth division to support the first sixty-nine a regiment brigade, seventy-fourth main force in the high security, built fortifications in time Xiangfu view, Luo Yu, commander and chief of the rapid mobilization of power requested reinforcements relieve high security positions, and ordered the first Army active attack, completed the task to contain the first six divisions, the seventy-fourth army advancing smoothly.
total time Lo ...
Nanchang in Nanchang, Wuning, high-security has the fall, the Nineteenth Army and Army retreated thirty high-security, Fengxin, Jing'an, Wuning confrontation with the Japanese line. The third Twelve army, seventy-ninth Army, Forty-ninth and seventy-military forces to successfully break through the high areas, but very heavy casualties ministries, especially the forty-ninth Army. the Japanese after the fall of founding the high-security once Nanchang so much tension in the ninth theater, afraid the Japanese army re-assembled into the plains of northern Hunan glimpse of Romania will be headquarters to the commander in chief at this time high, from west to east against the Japanese attack on command. Xuezhang Guan is that adhere to the high power front, in any case can not go wrong again. while seventy-fourth Army and the first line of defense in Jinjiang Army rushed to block the first six high-security onslaught Division, before the front stabilized.
the Central Military Commission will observe the enemy. after the fall in Nanchang the Japanese army stationed in Nanchang, the first division and a high security, the first six Division stationed Anyi, Fengxin, Jing'an Triangle area, the Sixth Division stationed Wuning, Ruo River. And then Fang Dean to between the mixed brigades Yongxiu group guarding the main points of the fourteenth Zeyi maintain traffic. the Japanese original that is ready to launch in East battle, the Eleventh Army military and the Sixth Artillery Brigade deployed immediately after the fall of Nanchang, Wuhan, war decompile the team is dispersed in situ. JMC judged the Japanese in northern Jiangxi decentralized state, if the force struggling to blow, not impossible to recover the matter of Nanchang. Nanyue military conference at Chiang Kai-shek declared in that campaign will be limited contain the consumption of enemy counterattack Nanchang indicated by the highest commander of the principles of war. So the fall in Nanchang, the JMC but sharpening, ready to take the Japanese occupation forces in the new spread attack the occasion Cheng Xu. Chiang JMC in April military conference announced three hundred thousand troops will gather counterattack north of Jiangxi and Guangzhou. and make further sacrifices sixty bombers to bomb the Japanese mainland, Che consistent principle of the second war to annihilate the enemy offensive. IX Theater adhering to the chairman of the wishes, actively took steps to train troops, ready to counterattack Nanchang.
April 17, the CMC will be issued instructions in April attack, the two war zones should be clearly set out to attack Nanxun Road, the main enemy, the enemy is indeed cut off contact, then a straight take Nanchang. attack the start time is scheduled for April 24.
i first army to a security monitor enemy Fengxin An Yijing, Raiders of the camera, at least two divisions from the main Feng Xin Yi to the music of Yongxiu Nanxun Road between the advancing enemy completely destroyed after the road traffic and cut off support.
ii seventy-fourth the military to a high-security monitoring Raiders of the enemy and the camera, the main city of Xishan Longevity Palace to the cattle by the pleasures of the way forward between the Nanxun cut off the enemy's support and the Raiders of Nanchang war effort.
this is the art of war ����
iii all the forty-ninth successive high-security aspects of the military advance, the total reserve.
iv thirty Second Army should stick to a current position, the main theater at least three pilots and the ninth phase of Nanchang coordinate break the enemy, the occupation of the camera. The army troops attacked a group should be grouped, works by means of Xiqu Nanchang surprise. These ministries are owned by the first Luo Zhuoying theater commander in chief command of the Front Nine.
v Wuning regard to the thirty-strong army of a permanent repair to the advance north of Nanxun Road, the main enemy attack Wuning occupation of the camera.
in the Battle of Nanchang withdrawal of the military rectify the thirty-second, seventy-military forces and the seventy-ninth position at this time prepared for the defense forces, high above the center, still pull a single line of defense. Chiang arranged thirty-third theater Second Army main forces for the Nanchang area. XIX Army command and seventy-fourth forty-ninth Army troops with high-security aspects of their main attack, relying on two army attack Nanchang. First Army is to the safety and justice, Jing'an, Fengxin the direction of advance, to contain the Japanese in order to advance on the two easy. Wuning thirty main army, and an advance to the enemy's rear, cut off from Wuhan to land traffic between the north of Jiangxi. In the attack on a military deployment to the terrain goal oriented, and high emphasis to the safety of Gonglue Nanchang, the mobilization among the fifteen million strong, the arrangements for the siege of only seven divisions of troops, and fifteen divisions to cut off a large enemy transport and troops check the switch to the Japanese troops, deployed in the offensive strategy is correct. as long as the freedom to transfer the Japanese troops, sixty thousand Japanese troops will be able to transport capacity of its advantages in high-An, Nam Cheong and righteous Xin Feng fighting between the advantages of playing inside. So the military must involve so many people, bound by the Japanese field army deployed a large number of actions. and on military firepower in the crucial limitations, making the Nanchang area Gonglue form must be completed by surprise, but also a big problem. But biggest problem the military, or the separate ways force the pace of contacts between coordinated attack, which the Front General Command of the strict test of the operation and command ability, but based on the attacking force is composed of four phases of command of the Army is not responsible for Luo Zhuoying the Army will be thirty, thirty-second Army and First Army almost exclusively on the status of resident supervision, which is the biggest offensive force at the difficulties. the lack of overall responsibility for a powerful counter-offensive campaign headquarters in Nanchang main cause of failure.
CMC will be the third theater for the Nanchang area thirty-second attack on the main Army, thirty-seven Army divisions focused on an army, battle sequences are as follows:
total thirty-second Army
Chief of Staff Commander Shangguan phase will
Chen Zhong will
the twenty-ninth Army Commander Lieutenant General Chen Bao Liu Yuqing
division will be the twenty-sixth Division
seventy-ninth paragraph Long, such as Major General
the beginning of pre-five division has Hom
Major General He Ping, directly under the
XVI will
First Division, Second Division, Lieutenant General Zhang Bai-hui Zhan good advice
forty teachers will Ten pre-division, Major General Jiang Chaoxiong
Shangguan General is the military phase of the Titans, the original coalition is the fourth of five provinces and Sun Chuan-fang Division. Northern Expedition allegiance to the revolution, the Central Plains War Lianyungang hit by the Ping-Han Lu . Civil War battlefield, the main Yue Wan, also participated in the siege after the fifth Zhuiji Zhan. in the border area before the war is appeasement Yue Wan, director, responsible for crucial areas of the central garrison. Resistance Army XI Corps Hing Shang transferred to Army chief General to participate in Battle of Shanghai. after the war will be the third to serve the theater commander of the Gu Zhutong only by long, as the thirty-second tone Shangguan Army Commander General, responsible for aspects of the third defense of the theater Zhegan. September 1938 month, Shangguan commander in Wuhan, the most intense battle of the occasion, led his troops captured north of Yixing, Liyang, and out of Zhenjiang, threatening the Yangtze River water, causing tremendous pressure on the Japanese. is a small number of large-scale military offensive was the Army on the Zhuoranyoucheng Commander in Chief. twenty-ninth Army Department of the original designation of the Northwest Military Sung Che-yuan, after the War Song Xing Department of Army for three military expansion, the original twenty-ninth Army designation revoked. in Shanghai outstanding performance during the war seventy-ninth division, the Central Military Commission will be based on the seventy-ninth division of the twenty-ninth of new military expansion, the seventy-ninth division of the General as the commander Chen Po. twenty-ninth Army under the jurisdiction of the seventy-ninth division, the twenty-sixth Division and The first Second Division. seventy-ninth Division, Department of the Zhejiang is the sixth division of the expansion of the military out of the team, did well during the Civil War. Twenty-sixth Division is a living the old central Sichuan army, war in Shanghai adhere to large field annihilated, was especially outstanding, and was elected to Shanghai five divisions fighting one of the best results. January 1938 Chiang Kai-shek Shouyu full reconstruction of this motley crew in Wuning Sichuan army, followed by redeployment of Jiujiang. July 1938, this newly completed military training and adhere to Hukou, the casualties by one third. again be regarded as a powerful force fighting efforts. The first is the old Second Division, Qian Jun, medium combat power . in the south of there disobedience unauthorized withdrawal of combat records, transferred to pre-Battle of Nanchang, Nanchang, performance is poor.
marshalling in offensive Shangguan with only a military commander, but assembled a seven infantry divisions. battle power is mixed. fortieth tax police division is the original total group, in Shanghai, War and suffered heavy casualties during fighting south of Henan Province, is the whole complement. sixteenth division is the backbone of any key Hunan forces, the performance of the war in Shanghai poor teacher dismissal. and very heavy casualties, combat capability greatly reduced. pre-ten team division is based on adaptation of the new Zhejiang security forces, the war will shine, but lack of experience at this time is significant. Poyang originally pre-Fifth Division the lake is responsible for the water alert, do not face the opposition pre-battle, when the Army transferred to the twenty-ninth, as the leading guide.
the Front Nanchang offensive theater commander Luo Zhuoying still the ninth line of command and the responsibility will be negative . Lo sits on will be at this time, mainly the high command of the Nineteenth Army's Gonglue security operations. on the left wing of the Army and the Nanchang area thirty-thirty-second Army command is only nominal. X Nine Army troops for the attack at this time will be transferred to support the Central Military Commission reserves the seventy-fourth the total Army and the First Army. XIX Army to forty-ninth Army to attack the military backing, and two routes into the attack. all the way up against the Western Hills Longevity Palace, all the way to separately in the face of high security paradox crossing, the enemy unable to identify the location of our army to cross the river. seventy-fourth Army Corps to attack the main force, the military frontal attack terracotta Street, High Security. is the first Army two-pronged, all the way up against the saddle ridge, the military wing attacks on the cover, and contain the first six divisions in the main Fengxin; all the way to the check Anyi, Jing'an around the enemy, and the other a teacher cut off the Jing'an, Anyi behind enemy lines traffic. The first Army combat power is not strong, so the only responsible for the siege of interception, wide cut enemy positions, so that the enemy can not call each other assistance, will be the first trip in six divisions Feng Xin Yi District, the Nineteenth Army to lift the pressure on the northern flank . Lo commander in chief not only invade the ultimate goal of high security, but also to the line and out of cattle, raw rice Street, north of Fu Cheong Wing, with its thirty-second Army siege. even prepared to Xiqu Tu Jia Bu, the first one division off the enemy Mission of the return.
battle early in Nanchang, the fall of Wuning though, but the defense did not collapse thirty Army, it is only a piece of concave front. the offensive planning, the mausoleum is the base commander will be the responsibility of the main front straightened, the camera recover Wuning. but be pro-Chiang Wang Xiushui Army north to cut off the Japanese lines of communication, coordinate Nanchang's counterattack. Tomb base commander at this time only four divisions. Eighth Army and the seventieth all three services make adjustments, pressure dwarf increasingly important.
thirty-second Army was the main attack troops, while the army attacked their own layout, very flexible. Pai Chung-hsi, director of Guilin-line business in three divisions will plan prepared for the Army frontal attack forces, two divisions of the series for the second-line troops to cut off Nanxun road traffic. Shangguan General to the seventy-ninth division, pre-five teachers and the composition of the Second Division of Nanchang, the first siege forces, all the strongest army in the war seventy-ninth division is the main attack troops scheduled to Nanchang, a single division sudden raid southeast corner of the main pre-five division units of regiments and battalions Zeyi Nanchang Chengxiang sneak attack the enemy, and pulled out a mission to change into civilian clothes, mixed with Nanchang city, ready to seventy-ninth division from which to coordinate the raid. The first is the Second Division Army Reserve as an attack, and is responsible for the Fu River and tributaries on the outskirts of Nanchang to build pontoon. Army division in the twenty-sixth of the total reserve, with the After seventy-ninth division advance to the Fu River. XVI teachers and pre-ten divisions are in Fu, Gan River from south to north between the attacks, the Japanese cut of the cloth along the road base construction, cut off rail and road traffic. forty-division stationed in the control Fuhe positions for the reserve.
Thirty-second Army to surprise attack the principle of intention to share in the Japanese new powerhouse, guard the occasion to bang up against Nanchang collaboration from within. s Thirty Army launched the attack at less than fifty kilometers away from Nanchang, only one day forced march away, but in a sideways route Fuhe attack, attack before the enemy troops must cross the river. In order to maintain secrecy to avoid detection by the Japanese machine detect, Shangguan commander in batches shipped only at night crossing forces. The forces to cross the river soon after the guard outpost with the Japanese base hit and checked sleep, so the time is bound to be excited in the first hammer blow. under the constraint of the two-fold, the assembly efficiency of assault troops had time only to start a division around. Japanese garrison in the city for the first of a main division, Shangguan general recognize that we can rely on the power of annihilating a division, so Teachers can only hope that the seventy-ninth and pre-five-under division in a strike to cause panic to extract a Japanese city, after the first twenty-sixth Division Second Division and Fu River Crossing and then enter the Nanchang to seize the position. when Luo Commander of the Corps should also have to attack north of the city of Nanchang, the first by a division if the withdrawal will surround and annihilate. Japanese lines of communication should also be in the ideal and the thirty-first Army Army troops cut off their south , the Nanchang City will be able to consolidate before the enemy. The attack plan is very creative, lively and bold, but there are significant risks in implementation.
thereto thirty-second Army counter-offensive in April Nanchang
on the 23rd, covering the thirty-second Army troops deployed. pre-sixteenth division began ten against division and first division in Nanxun a road base. but pre ten thousand Mountain Division that was the first Japanese attack stubborn resistance very heavy casualties. XVI attacks are ineffective teachers. two divisions of the small base but was tripping the Japanese. Lo commander received a report on this victory, the pre-advise the division ten pilots and sixteenth positions not to be the Japanese arrest East, to over the hollow area, toward the Fengxin, seventy-fourth to the high security army is steadily advancing.
April 24, pre-five plainclothes division successfully sneaked into the group in place of Nanchang, the first Second Division is also actively planning to set up pontoon, so that the seventy-ninth division in batches through the Fu River. seventy-ninth Division in the 25th through the first night the two groups, cross the river, only to repel a small Japanese outposts to full speed around the Japanese base to Nanchang hurry. April 26 before dawn, seventy-ninth Division arrived in Nanchang, the outskirts of the main potential. seventy-eighth twenty-sixth Division standby brigade to cross the river open to the Fu River. But the first division of the armed forces of a penetration appears to be no military alert.
seventy-ninth division potential after the arrival suburbs of Nanchang, Shangguan not aware of the Japanese commander see, missed, immediately ordered the section of Long as the beginning teachers and teachers have started Hom siege. II dawn on the 16th, Duan Long, such as teachers, telephone order received after the siege, led the second group three to five groups and the second wave for the gas to Panax Japanese positions in Nanchang City Defense Chengxiang sudden, scored a new suburb of Nanchang Airport. pre-five division undercover mission is arson in urban areas on time, and the Japanese authorities raid the barracks, with the first of a fierce street battles Division. Japanese unguarded, quite panic. However, the seventy-ninth division attack When arrived in Nanchang city defense position superior firepower of the Japanese Jibei resistance, in the absence of artillery raid force is difficult to break into the support of the city, lost the first time raid. The first solid footing after a division in the urban area to a to meet the challenge, the major comeback effort is out of the city seventy-ninth division. seventy-ninth division can not be rushed into Nanchang, undercover mission outnumbered and had to break through the withdrawal of the urban area.
April 27, the first of a Division seventy-ninth out of the city repulsed the main divisions, and to seize the suburban locations, deploy defense. Shangguan chief of the new division through Nadekawa seventy-eighth twenty-sixth and seventy-ninth Brigade Second Division Three Six groups support the seventy-ninth division. seventy-ninth section of Long Division in the attack, such as teachers determined to be shaken after the setback, not only did not seek to further penetration into the use of reinforcements, but to give up the task into the sweep of Nanchang. the 28th section of teachers and self-assertion The second group changed to the first battalion of three to five teams waiting for an opportunity to forge the gap enemy attack drill Nanchang, teachers and the rate of seventy-ninth section of the main division to avoid the front, the offensive side of the Liantang Nanchang City. Shangguan commander in chief has been reported that the wrath of abnormal segments This is no different from the first commander of a division to provide time to adjust deployment means Nanchang surprise has lost its meaning.
April 29 Shangguan teachers back to the attack section commander strictly Nanchang, then do not stay. GU Happy with the commander of the outgoing immediately after receiving the report, teachers will be removed from paragraph seizure, seventy-ninth Division assistant division commander from the tension led to re-gathered white main Zaigong Nanchang, the crime figure wearing power. Guojun within ten kilometers in the suburbs of Nanchang and Japan Army melee. seventy-ninth Division in the conflict between the second group approximation Panax Nanchang city wall, but the first division has been deployed in a suburb, with fortifications of firepower, assault troops no breakthrough. First Division in a panic over-estimated strength of the military's siege, urgent telegram requesting that Eleventh Army reinforcements. Yasuji Okamura area at this time is preparing to attack eastern part of Hubei, unable to deploy troops, so the ESC in the Japanese Marines Couchu Jiujiang about one brigade boat transfer from the Gan River Lake, water Nanchang.
siege started in Nanchang, the Division will be the first one is dying in the city of Nanchang, a move key. In this tense moment, responsible for the truncated Japanese traffic between the sixteenth division encountered in promoting a strong and fortified Japanese stronghold sand lake ports, the original sixteenth division should be around this stronghold Nanxun Road and xiangtang road to a positive advance, but what teachers actually in the sand flat Lake ports throughout the division before the start, the trouble to prepare for difficult areas. even if there is an enemy stronghold Lo tie him commander in chief has not allowed the power that the former, regardless of what level teachers are still the main task of truncated lines. Sand Lake port of the first one Division troops no more than a brigade, where teachers from April 24 May 1 hit, in this small stronghold before the consumption of a whole week, still no results, it is obviously an excuse to avoid fighting. He Commander of the International Liaison stupid exercise in the Nanchang military launched the offensive after a week still true flow. Shangguan commander in chief of the division of the delay rather disappointed XVI, April 30 Shangguan strictly sixteenth division commander in the 30th to the evening Sand Lake City captured. But He Ping Shangguan commander in chief of teachers strictly on deaf ears. May 1, pre-twelve tone division commander Shangguan bound to participate in the siege of Sand Lake ports, hoping to remove the obstacles as soon as possible, cut off roads.
how teachers directly affect the negative attitude of Nanchang war. the Japanese people support to six thousand marines Nanchang, that water transport across the Lake, after landing back in the national army to highway transport in Nanchang. If the teacher can actually perform XVI cut off the Japanese military transport task, of course, was the first of a Division will be out to attack, but can also interrupt the Japanese supply and distributed to reach the first division defenders force a double objective. He has to preserve the strength of teachers priority excuse into the vine, resulting in Nanchang siege forces will be outnumbered and doomed, thereby adversely affecting the special deep.
May 1, Chiang severe dereliction of duty were at the commander, and strictly positive storming the thirty-second Army Nanchang: Seventy-nine division of the military intelligence section of Long as false, thereby adversely affecting the aircraft, with the army before the Dhamma. sixteenth division combat ineffective, should be ordered to wear the crime map work. and to make Shangguan supervise operations chief went to the front. the military as combat ineffective shall be jointly responsible, limited to capture Nanchang May 5. (Note Ten).
(Note Ten) of the Whampoa Military Academy Long as three teachers, Miss Great special class III graduated from the Central Army be very good general knowledge. segment teachers worked a long time in the seventy-ninth Division, by the head of the brigade commander and division commander. Nanchang, the general to abandon the original objectives of attack is very strange. Maybe he want to move to flank attack, attack the flank of the defenders in Nanchang? However, the general surface, showing a frontal attack on the tragic Victims are afraid. originally in the hands of the Japanese city will not recover easily, most cases of military success is to rely on the enemy by surprise raids, such as a ninety-four twenty-year teachers recover Zhengzhou November. and in a Warrior For example, in one of the city recover the recover of Nanning in October 2094, victories are rare. Section Long as teachers once determined to shake, to give up raids recklessly, Nanchang, almost no possibility of capture.
May 2, Shangguan phase transition chief Lee personally supervise operations Fuhe front, adjust the deployment of attack. Jiuzhan tired of the seventy-ninth division transfer line to succeed the twenty-sixth Division Fuhe garrison tasks. Nanchang military siege by the twenty-ninth Chen An Baojun Fuhe unified command has passed a long twenty-sixth division, pre-five and seventy-ninth division the second division group Panax storm front again. Nanxun Road also responsible for the truncation of the sixteenth division commander at this time was He Ping Shangguan commander severely reprimanded for what teachers Shangguan unified command commander sixteenth division, pre-ten Second Division Third Division with the first four groups responsible for attacking the sand lake ports. Nanxun Road, then cut the task has failed, the Japanese reinforcements Nanchang and supplies have entered the first division was able to divide our forces to consolidate a position suburbs, and the main counter-attack the military. But He Ping Shangguan commander insisted teachers completed the Gonglue Sand Lake ports, intended to punish similar. He Ping teachers in section of teachers who were executed after the very fear, not neglect to urge the troops all out at once. the Japanese are still clear at this time the road by a large number of reinforcements to ease transportation of sand lake ports, where teachers disastrous. XVI to the fourth division Mission to intercept Japanese reinforcements sixteen, forty-seventh and forty-eighth regiment regiment positive out of poverty, little progress. He Ping teacher supervision policy to the military, and shot forty-sixth regiment of the avant-garde attack battalion commander Peng Liheng negative. At this point the flank Ten teachers were expected but fierce Japanese counter-attack and halt. Japanese as reinforcements arrived, they have basically released a considerable force can be used to cut off lines of communication should be Fu Guojun two divisions.
receiving long Chen An Baojun command, ranging from their assembly is completed, immediately rushed to Nanchang lead a military front line. At this point the Japanese air raid frequently, the military had to spend the night completely Fuhe, cross the river to the civilian vessels when they can collect less, so the first twenty-six five division and pre-main division is very slow to cross the river. Chen An Baojun-long offensive in the twenty-sixth Division deployed to five division and pre-start side by side, while storm. But the real attack of the lack of coordination of schedule, but the formation of fragmented nature of the isolation. pre-five first division in the May 4 through the Fu River from Red Bridge, cross the river directly after the main attack Nanchang. Chen commander led a night in the May 4th Division VII of the twenty-sixth eighth trip to Hong Kong in EBARA Crossing Fu River, and the seventy-ninth Division II joined the small group Panax running forward to Nanchang. But the main force of the twenty-sixth division to cross the river to ���� night operations to complete. Liu Yuqing teachers the division rate of the day before to catch up with the seventy-eighth Brigade commander.
May 4, Air Force Captain First Battalion Gongying Cheng led a brigade of the SB-2 of a group of bombers took off from Chengdu, Nanchang bombing. but the second Army had a chance to expand the nineteenth raid, ground and air coordination is also far from circumspect, and there is no direct impact on the resistance of the first of a division. In return the Air Force after the pre-five teacher before advancing to the next city of Nanchang.
pre-five division to cross the river After the Japanese army to avoid facing a strong fortified positions of some small and hoping to take pontoon to facilitate follow-on force to follow up. was the beginning teachers in their assembly Hom full force after the person courageously attack the Governor, the first sweep of a division of troops outside the city soon retracted Nanchang city, pre-five teachers have been attacked in Nanchang city defense was only the Japanese artillery fire stopped before the fence. Japanese lines in the urban flood barrier after the firepower, bombing at the full bomber force, pre-five division suffered heavy casualties fortifications forward not back , and are unable to separate breakthrough, have had to retreat to wait for reinforcements.
the twenty-sixth division to cross the river in the May 5 to complete, Liu Yuqing teachers two-pronged, a seventy-eighth Brigade repelled Japanese brigade, across Lake Yao base toward the Nanchang. seventy-sixth trip to the second group Panax is a positive initiative, the twenty-ninth and seventy-sixth Army brigade military counterparts. seventy-eighth Brigade Brigadier Wang Kejun after crossing the lake Yao , led the troops directed at the old airport in Nanchang, broke through the Japanese positions, taking the total station in Nanchang, and into the old airport. Japanese military aircraft within the airport have an emergency take-off, and no time to take off three aircraft were destroyed seventy-eighth Brigade . First Division much of a shock, to strike back to the airport, could not withstand the seventy-eighth Brigade, retreated to Liantang City.
seventy-sixth trip across the Nanchang midnight on May 6 suburban rail lines, and Japanese experience. First Division in the repulse of a pre-trip five divisions and seventy-eighth after the full counterattack, the military directly under the twenty-ninth and seventy-sixth Brigade troops have been thrust, a long steady command of the seventh Chen An Baojun Travel-place sixteen against. Liu Yuqing teacher is lead a Te Wulian supervise operations in the firing line, his left leg was hit by a stray bullet. the Japanese to attack the second main group Panax, and fire fighters overhead. The second group in the melee Panax was cut scattered, the Japanese captured position in the early morning high ground, Chen led a secret rafts An Baojun long line of fire against organized forces hit the Japanese breakthrough in the battle hit by the enemy artillery, heroic late (note XI).
(Note k) Chen An Baojun long Baoding Military Academy graduates third, is the former Zhejiang generals. in Shanghai during the war seventy-ninth division rate of outstanding performance, promoted the twenty-ninth Army commander. in Nanchang, causing siege after siege killed military great shock, but also the Central Military Commission will finally decide to stop attacking the causes of Nanchang. A July 2094 Army General posthumously. CHEN An Baojun who died after a long twenty-ninth Army commander General successor by the Liu Yuqing, the military later in the war zone compiled by finishing cut.
Chen commander killed, twenty-ninth Army colonel led his army chief of staff of the Ministry of Xu Xu removed FireWire. seventy-sixth trip is almost surrounded by the Japanese, gradually re-injury. The first Fifth Third The head of the North Pavilion Mission supervise operations Xie was killed, troops killed or injured in the melee and exhausted, with rates of CAI group significantly break the remnants of hundreds of people. seventy-sixth brigade commander killed in Chen morale after the collapse, Zhou Brigadier uninterested group, led the troops to break through.
May 7 at noon, Romania, after fighting commander in chief that the siege of Nanchang, Nanchang siege has failed to understand the potential, in order to avoid further losses, but to allow the military retreated to ask the twenty-ninth River occupy the position. But the commander of Romania in the electric power that still bloom in the sixteenth division completed strictly Side Lake sand port attack missions. Shangguan commander in chief after receiving the order, extremely discouraged, so that the whole army to stop offensive power, Article Nine Army, the first ten teachers and pre-Second Division Fuhe the ferry blockade, in Fu line to start and stop the sand port sixteenth division offensive Lake area, on standby. makes ironic that this applies to siege Three shot two seventy-five mountain artillery regiment with, then finally overcoming all difficulties to open the Fu River, just joined the line of defense.
section XI of the seventy-fourth high-security military offensive in March
seventy-fourth Army high security two-two, has learned the geography of the terrain near the high security and high security systems are voluntarily giving up, seventy-fourth, although separated from the military confrontation with the Japanese Jinjiang, but the front still force the temporary high security, control, enabling breakthrough. Yu Jun a long time to rely on counter-attack on the deployment of a similar high-security arrangement in order to face sudden fifty divisions, fifty-eighth Division flank support, Fifty-seventh Division were behind enemy lines, high-An Shoujun roundabout. military onslaught on three sides, attempt to recover the high security in one fell swoop.
April 20, seventy-fourth Army and the Army through the forty-ninth Jinjiang, advancing to high security. the Japanese first division in the first three of a wing and the first five Seven high-security wing stick, heavily fortified, ring cloth base. fifty-first division lead to attack, frontal attack. fifty-seventh divisions behind enemy lines while shielding according to plan. Japanese military found a large force to attack and immediately counter-attack organization , fifty pilots and the fifty-eighth Division side by side with the enemy melee, fighting fierce. fifty-eighth Division III four-four groups in the Third Battalion Li Haishan supervise operations in the battalion commander was killed. Zeyi the first forty-ninth Army cover fifty-five division division flank, swept behind enemy lines into the pre-September. The first five divisions to face the Japanese army forced shelling attack and launched a feint, to contain the Japanese. Jinjiang after the ride that is swept into the third one-three brigades Gaoyou. pre is the division into nine divisions behind enemy lines, advance to the raw rice street.
the 23rd, the Japanese First Division Zifeng six new tune a car destined for a high-security wing, Yu reported immediately after the military look Command Unit ended its fifty-eighth Division refused reinforcements into the city. von Holy Master three companies long to the third and fourth four-four groups and the third ambush, destroying more than the Japanese cars will be repelled stock reinforcements. The third four times seven groups An Shoujun flank the winding high. The first three United desperate resistance, fierce fighting.
At the same time rate of fifty-seventh division commander Shi Zhongcheng first trip into the high-An Feng sixty-nine new enemy zone between the first six Li Yan brigade commander led his troops in nine brigades claim enemy attack, vertical and horizontal conflict, captured the third largest city Sanjiu Group Third Battalion, First Battalion broke into the commanding heights of the Western Hills Longevity Palace, the impact of the north wing of the portal of Nanchang, the first six divisions much vibration. < br> on the 25th morning, when the commander see the positive economic Yu stalemate fighting, by the fifty-seventh Division, Second Regiment out of the third and fourth side of the passage of two battalions, the Japanese position chaos, fifty-one division up a victory Mengjin. twenty���� midnight, the third five-battalion regiment captured the third high-wing doors Anzai Yao village. Third Second Battalion, Second Regiment beyond the sudden, in one fell swoop capture the high ground north of the city with high security, heavy firepower of the battalion fire immediately, cover up the attacking forces, and Climbing Wall bravely rushed into the high-security team, fifty teachers, teacher Li Tianxia siege went to the command line of fire. midnight moment fifty teachers scored high security main city of fierce street battles with the Japanese, the Japanese release a large number of poison gas, for the difficulties fight the beasts, but still can not stop the fifty-first division of the sharp attacks. high An Shoujun seeing no hope of the first six Division should aid and had to flee Nanchang break. fifty high-security division against the city Candi night. II on the 16th morning, Candi completely eliminated, Yu commander issued a high security of the Herald recover.
cover the flank of the first fifty-five division division Yaoxian city fire safety and noise of high boiling, that division has been into the city street fighting fifty , also to the sixth twenty-five group conflict, Third Battalion Sixth twenty-five rushed to the high security group northeast corner of the city, but was repulsed the Japanese. In the fifty-first occupation of high-security division, the first five teachers have taken advantage of advance , captured Gaoyou.
28 April, Yu Chiang encouragement of economic power when pro-commander: exposed to neither fight nor its keep the weaknesses, so I the spirit of all officers and men consequent boost its duties, special for the comfort. hope Dulv men continue its efforts to achieve the task counterattack to complete the revolutionary mission. In the fifty-informed high-security division recover immediately after the power that the fifty-eighth Street Division to continue to promote the terracotta. At this point the military pre-nine forty-ninth straight division Chi Gan River, thirty-third regiment at Camp III Cheng Xu capture of raw rice on the 16th Street crossing, the enemy troops urgently to launch transport strike back, the third battalion temporarily retreat. Lo power commander news report that the main pre-nine teachers spent the night in the 26th Jinjiang, the raw rice Street, cattle line advance.
April 27, fifty teachers in the consolidation of high-security positions, the shift forward of clouds view. Chaishan Japanese positions die, according to Mao. Litian Xia shelling teachers strike forced the entire division focused on Mao Shibayama, the second group and third group in the third six courageously Yanggong mortars under cover, the Japanese defeated the records, some Kuibing change into civilian clothes mixed in among the fleeing refugees. fifty-first across the Mau Chai Mountain Division, seized positions clouds outlook . fifty-eighth division advance to the terracotta Street. Fifty-seventh Division III Sanjiu Group is forced into the Xishan Longevity Palace, and had just moved back here from the high security wing of the first three first brigade fighting.
Xishan Longevity Jin Jiang and Gan Jiang Gong is the confluence area of the high ground, and recapped the high security to the traffic between Fengxin is the most important gateway to North Road, Nanchang, the Japanese army depot here and there. Japanese high security will again be defeated army retreated after Xishan Longevity Palace First sixty-nine brigade combat violent, almost crashes. Japanese clinging to the Western Hills Longevity Palace, and continue to organize counter-attack, hoping to relieve the pressure support to the Nanchang area, then the concentration of forces northward.
April 27, the Japanese sixteen Division moves frequently, it seems ready to enter the Japanese assistance to the Western Hills area Longevity Palace Front, First Army did not meet the purpose of containment. Fengxin Yu commander of the enemy but by the constraints, the seventy-fourth the military offensive so gradual stagnation. on the 28th afternoon, Yu commander to adjust deployment, the War Torn tired wing rest fifty division transferred to the fifty-seventh Division front view of the main relieve clouds, fifty-eighth Division occupied the Lotus Hill. Only seventy-fourth Army brigade fifty-seventh divisions continue to attack the first sixty-nine Xishan Longevity Palace, the offensive stalled.
April 29 at midnight, pre-nine teacher Rick raw rice Street, threatening cattle line. s Gan River Ferry made nineteenth Army. First Division in Nanchang, a north wing door wide open, after much tension, immediately organize forces counter-attack Xishan Longevity Palace, Gaoyou with uncooked rice Street. behind enemy lines, the first advance of the fifty-seventh Division sixty-nine trip into a bitter struggle with the pre-nine divisions.
Luo incentives at this time seventy-fourth Army chief of persistent efforts, to attack Western Hills Longevity Palace, but left the slow advance of the first army, the Japanese army in the vicinity of Fengxin The troops are free to transfer, Yu commander fearing attack alone, but the first six divisions were circuitous, and the new high-security defense has occupied a lot of outlay of the seventy-fourth military power, so only out of the fifth commander Yu eighth division to support the first sixty-nine a regiment brigade, seventy-fourth main force in the high security, built fortifications in time Xiangfu view, Luo Yu, commander and chief of the rapid mobilization of power requested reinforcements relieve high security positions, and ordered the first Army active attack, completed the task to contain the first six divisions, the seventy-fourth army advancing smoothly.
total time Lo ...
Sunday, February 20, 2011
Regal 30 million points of a shocking Zhang Jing early hostesses (Figure)
Jinqiao Qiao lost mobile phone exposure, , but to give more consideration to the film side or the investors is how to think, the star but is a pawn, which is a very sad thing.
entertainment in recent years, scandal after another burst of startling, drug abuse, prostitution, wine server and so on, feel the entertainment is a triad, near Mexico, choosing the black. recently triggered star Jinqiao Qiao Japan unveils SMS topic, in fact, this is a common phenomenon, already not a secret, and not only in film and television circle, said Zhang Jing early investor has suffered the embarrassment of naming the wine server. But Zhang Jing early never to sing, and will not drink, a good result for investors to vote in the two or three million, is not done, the play also ran aground. Zhang Jing early is very stubborn, she never accompany the boss, but can not do these things.
I believe this is not speculation, but a fact that there is truth in the scandal. search the web, there are many posts as early as price broke the line star Peike , attended a dinner for the price tag is, guests can choose. If, after the guests satiated, would like any further act, but also of the view that the pricing situation. This raspberry is hard to bear, the female star of this Miss porn and other behavior and what is the difference?
As can be chatting, you can wine server, given that wine server, you can accompany sleep, it is naturally happening, I do not think much, nor is the author Mental dirty. Today, the number of users that have been incurred sensitive topic of discussion discussions, spurned abusive voices, more like a love affair the entertainment field, exposure to which many men and women, we can easily imagine them ugly and psychological distortions, over time , will lead to the abnormal growth of the entire circle, but also seriously affected the moral atmosphere of entertainment. Oh, like I was wrong, now that the entertainment you have any morals at all?!
a director once said, Now some employers are not the out of the interest and support of cultural industries. They may be live before the fortune is not smug, the wall covered with celebrity photos, at that time he may have a dream, that is, so I have day developed, to find these people to dinner, the scenery is beautiful. and those female celebrities? is I have my interests, all have desires, once a consensus, of course, hit it off, this is a my opinion, it would like the windows of paper, a barrel to break. but now those things do not open it. female star dinner price exposure, the wine server is also known by the ugly, such as Gong Li, Carina Lau and so on, which is not a ruddy, alcohol full? Japan unveils star on the network to see the picture when it, is simply not the kind of ugly words can express. Fortunately, there is a stubborn Zhang Jing early in the final to retain the entertainment piece of pure land.
solemn statement: This article starts from the original wave Sohu blog, be sure to specify the network reproduced the article and name the source, newspapers, radio and television and other media for reprint and references, please get in touch with me in advance and agreed to before reproduced. Thanks for your cooperation, rights reserved !
media outlets and asked him the planning, promotion, columns
entertainment in recent years, scandal after another burst of startling, drug abuse, prostitution, wine server and so on, feel the entertainment is a triad, near Mexico, choosing the black. recently triggered star Jinqiao Qiao Japan unveils SMS topic, in fact, this is a common phenomenon, already not a secret, and not only in film and television circle, said Zhang Jing early investor has suffered the embarrassment of naming the wine server. But Zhang Jing early never to sing, and will not drink, a good result for investors to vote in the two or three million, is not done, the play also ran aground. Zhang Jing early is very stubborn, she never accompany the boss, but can not do these things.
I believe this is not speculation, but a fact that there is truth in the scandal. search the web, there are many posts as early as price broke the line star Peike , attended a dinner for the price tag is, guests can choose. If, after the guests satiated, would like any further act, but also of the view that the pricing situation. This raspberry is hard to bear, the female star of this Miss porn and other behavior and what is the difference?
As can be chatting, you can wine server, given that wine server, you can accompany sleep, it is naturally happening, I do not think much, nor is the author Mental dirty. Today, the number of users that have been incurred sensitive topic of discussion discussions, spurned abusive voices, more like a love affair the entertainment field, exposure to which many men and women, we can easily imagine them ugly and psychological distortions, over time , will lead to the abnormal growth of the entire circle, but also seriously affected the moral atmosphere of entertainment. Oh, like I was wrong, now that the entertainment you have any morals at all?!
a director once said, Now some employers are not the out of the interest and support of cultural industries. They may be live before the fortune is not smug, the wall covered with celebrity photos, at that time he may have a dream, that is, so I have day developed, to find these people to dinner, the scenery is beautiful. and those female celebrities? is I have my interests, all have desires, once a consensus, of course, hit it off, this is a my opinion, it would like the windows of paper, a barrel to break. but now those things do not open it. female star dinner price exposure, the wine server is also known by the ugly, such as Gong Li, Carina Lau and so on, which is not a ruddy, alcohol full? Japan unveils star on the network to see the picture when it, is simply not the kind of ugly words can express. Fortunately, there is a stubborn Zhang Jing early in the final to retain the entertainment piece of pure land.
solemn statement: This article starts from the original wave Sohu blog, be sure to specify the network reproduced the article and name the source, newspapers, radio and television and other media for reprint and references, please get in touch with me in advance and agreed to before reproduced. Thanks for your cooperation, rights reserved !
media outlets and asked him the planning, promotion, columns
Thursday, February 17, 2011
On the project management
One. Business negotiations
1. Zuoren attitude
Zuoren not seem to have relationships with business negotiations, a lot of technical skill is needed is that PM is how to do a project, not be a good relationship get the well-organized person. With the rise of PM quietly in China, more and more CEOs PM behest started in business negotiation, and sales hit list together, this comparison is to try to figure out the needs of their customers PM psychology. try to figure out the psychological needs of our customers have a wide range of knowledge, depth and breadth of need, however, is still the most important Zuoren. how to lend a lower to a human gesture, the transformation from the PM and technical personnel who, it is to crucial.
reduced to a human posture needs to implement in many ways, the most important to remember: in vain, but can not measure the position. many companies in order to maintain the company's image, will be called the employees to dress nice uniform that looks like a white-collar look. However, the boss probably is not constrained. China's reform and opening up just two decades, many wealthy industrialist boss cultural level is not high, is often only when students have to sit his ass profligate parents on the bench hard accumulate wealth, they have to run around everywhere, and accumulated a wealth of business experience and money, life and society have a full understanding of the nature and form his own stable frame of mind. These people, many are dressed in old clothes and old, wearing a broken broken watches, talking all the time always bring along Three Character Classic, into the heap in Shanghai, they might you take him for a migrant workers. because to they are in social status, has been without any set off the dress to their identity, they are plenty of clout. to the PM, this is a very dangerous challenge. Although the initial intention when the project would be the other key personnel and certain understanding, however, in large projects on the words can say so many people. despised Shanghai is the most rustic, a lot of people talk about the project's time to see the performance of workers or very tacky inevitably frowned, often frown lost when the project is out of the market and money. PM must be done with people who talk to each level, in particular seems to be lower than their population level, even if it is sweeping the company's aunt. only for to be modest, unassuming, respect for others, will be respected by others, a chance to win the project. nose higher than the eyes of people who will only hit his nose flat.
2. a wealth of knowledge
light is not enough to win the respect for others projects, to be exact is the key to win the trust of each other. PM with clients generally do not need to eat and drink, it is selling their things, but the PM and the customer may be the most discussed issues. discussion it is the opportunity to match up, is a key factor. money and beauty is still the conventional stepping stone, but the way this fool know that everyone will do it. boss is only one aspect of the relationship, and now the big boss, which not? PM Why go to the same conditions one better than others?
I have a friend (PM) make a list, and found little interest in anything the other side, costs can not find a lot of energy to a breakthrough. the other side of this man very well, no shortage of money and the status of everything beautiful. He spent many days and talk to each other, gradually made their own learned each other's trust. Then he thought he found each other on the history of mathematics and astronomy there are covered by a treasured home to spend a night time search for information on the network. The next thing he did not talk about the project, only with each other talk of Copernicus, Bruno, Galileo, these people life, a full blown day. Daosuan mud as the other nodded, attitude and enthusiasm to a hundred and eighty degree turn, the next day he got the list. This is a classic wars, who will help advance thought Copernicus IT people making money? is learned by the PM and extended out from the knowledgeable and keen sense to seize the opportunity for customers to resonate. customer feels he has a very high level, but also, and they have in common, trust greatly enhanced to the project to reassure him. Now this example is not uncommon in a business negotiation. to the PM, it does not require very proficient in all aspects, it is impossible, as long as the PM for some popular topics and all aspects of astronomy, geography, history, knowledge has a rough idea, the time needed to master as soon as possible, have the opportunity to create opportunities and seize the opportunities.
3. strong communication skills
the chest but do not know how to have plenty of ink expression is relatively rare, but not absolutely not. each person's life trajectory is different, thinking affected by the environment vary. including, as we are in this class are some of the future MSE, there must be more introverted Or do not love people who express their views, these people are more passive, often difficult to undertake the important task of the negotiations. From now on, these people have to relearn how to talk, how loud arguments. communication, not just loud speak, to express their views but also found to solve problems and consolidate. In addition, the ability to communicate closely with the social experience, and the PM's experience closely. In everyday life, PM should more carefully, more thinking, when people think of a time to strive for levels deeper than others into account. Of course, there are some practical enough friends to communicate and boast the same thing as a complete, when in discussions with clients far-fetched to say something eloquent words. such people encounter do not know, not very serious or curious customer is a certain market; while the level of responsible customers who do not often find such a reliable, generally not to the list He. PM need to grasp the degree of wind is sure to blow, just bragging when to blow must be based on the field have never been involved in or do not understand what their views easily, pick their own familiar reasonable direction of the play, the right to stay on a two-handed, inscrutable to the other party feeling, the best results.
4. excellent pre team
this team is generally initiated and established by the General Manager, usually do not specify the PMP, a member of the team as SALES, PM, SA, ENGINEER team presented their higher requirements. generally carried out in a list took the time to a certain extent, PM often embarrassing discovery protocol sales representatives some of the promises to customers is almost impossible or simply can not do. This is very much the task is to win sales list, I heard the sales say the most is easy, often for a list will sacrifice a lot. In this case, and sales of natural coordination of head and fell to the PM. In prior sales and customer make commitments, PM to be proactive with the sales of communication, providing a rough The overall design framework and the technical difficulties and can consider the workload, rather than wait out the issue to be passive and sales in the front of the boss tried to shift responsibility. When in the formation of the team, PM team should be based on the quality of each person and task should be set from person to person transmission of information. excellent pre teamwork is an important guarantee for orders.
practice in business negotiations, there are all sorts of questions, PM's responsibilities and requirements for not more than can describe some detail. According to the environmental, policy, culture, relationships and other aspects of the different conditions, PM of the different growth experiences, each PM will eventually create their own views on and experience in business negotiations. But one thing is certain, this PM is the PM to become the first pass, and most important hurdle. received less than list, PM will lose the meaning of existence. and sales are different, PM's task at this stage in addition to orders, but also to collect as much as possible key customer information, and is responsible for all walks of life with each other to establish good customer relationships in order to fully mobilize resources for project implementation.
II. start-up phase
1.
the basic concepts of the project three project there are several versions elements, are different. more into the actual operation of the scope, cost and schedule, the scope of one of the most important thing. We build the project and submitted to the ultimate users of products and documents referred to as the application pieces. When the negotiations must submit the documents to establish the standards and requirements that range. Despite the war, when the inevitable business customers will continue to improve the standards and requirements, and the commitments made there will not be a penny increase. But the standard for every company to that has a bottom line, once more than the bottom line, and that surely is the loss of the project. unless it is profitable for two or to improve relations, or range of more than willing to do when the bottom line, and then in the powerful PM this case can not help it. to establish the scope of need is a PM's many years of practical experience in projects large and small, in exchange for some of the experience of using blood and tears. At this time, it can reflect the difference between PM and technical staff. cost is customer agreed to pay the money, with our input costs are not the same thing. progress would not have much description.
how the project successful? there are some key factors. personal understanding are not the same, usually including the following areas: defining goals and tasks; boss or high-level support; excellent PM and development team; adequate resources; good communication; the positive response of customers and the appropriate monitoring and feedback. here is to note the resources and high-level support. a company is always on the scale of the project also have a lot, but then large companies resources sufficient to ensure each project to build the most appropriate development team or have the best environment. this time the teams or sector resources for the inevitable battle will occur, then the inevitable friction. Zuoren this time on the PM's challenge once again. In addition to high-level emphasis on the PM program, usually in the company if the PM to get along better with colleagues can often Many people solved the problem looks very difficult. On the contrary, does not behave towards PM because of a bad karma, even if the high extreme pressure or team with other departments, others will be dragged to drag and delay the project schedule and quality. Sometimes This internal friction of the project and the PM is devastating. on the positive customer response is more critical. Generally speaking PM has been engaging large and small projects in the exhausted, we must take the initiative to require customers to meet the PM is difficult to do. However, this time, the more difficult, the more tired, more to go to the initiative. customers are often not particularly positive, proactive communication with customers and testing can find problems early. From the perspective of risk control said that the problem identified earlier, the smaller the risk of loss also smaller. a positive attitude can bring the enthusiasm of customers in the completion of the project, the client on your gratitude is often difficult to describe in words, which later received Phase III single-or do will lay a good foundation. because in negotiations with other new customers, new customers will naturally look for your customers to understand the situation, then random words and old customers on top of it to bother you of ten.
project has several important features of commercial activity, there is a consumer, the sources, participants, key factors of success, there are financial goals, there are risks.
2.
start-up phase the main task of According to PMI's explanation of natural orders into the start-up phase after the project. start-up led by PM's main task is the overall architect and systems analyst to collect detailed data as possible to establish detailed requirements as far as possible, further establishing the detailed project range, estimated resources, and establish other programs to gain access to the next stage of approval. At this stage, as in-depth needs analysis, PM also started in-house staff and resources to compete for selection to begin to form their own project team. project about to enter the planning phase.
in after collecting the data, PM, and customers began to clear the project size, cost, size, duration and other important features of the text and write the contract, while preparing for the internal, including budget, measure the standards documents, establishing the project assessment criteria. Then there is the demand analysis. due to professional reasons, we here only discuss the project needs analysis software (hereinafter referred to as needs analysis).
needs analysis the main participants are PM, the overall structure designers, system analysts, familiar with the business processes of customers. PM to guide the team this time is not the real team, we call pre-team. With the gradual deepening of demand analysis, the new team members join, start-up phase ends The team will be established when the official. on an already started project, the project needs analysis will determine the success or failure. The initial demand for the work reflected in the customer's specification or the tender documents and the attachments. This demand is generally more ambiguous, not reflect the real needs of customers. pre-team to customers according to their own experience and to communicate and guide customers into the right track. Sometimes the customer will be very rigid idea of reason, or to requirements set in accordance with his thinking to the needs of a number of obvious errors. The When team members to be patient and give customers the facts about experience, reason, or models with an intuitive graphical way to describe the demand, such as the common data flow diagrams. So, then the inevitable controversy, customers sometimes blow beard Deng Yanjing pound the table or will say, not deteriorated to the point where not clean up. as long as the PM team members try to constraints, the degree is still very easy to control.
of rapid development and iterative development, the demand for and implementation is often carried out simultaneously, the development speed is a major advantage. have the same or similar pattern of small projects, rapid development or use of iterative development is a very cost-effective approach, Extreme Programming is a popular set for this mode of thinking. However, in large and medium projects Too many different needs and modules. If not for the project are different, then the only product on the market without project. Therefore, the demand for medium and large projects to be carefully to do it. We want to discuss an issue, what should requirements analysis and overall design of how much time? waterfall development model we are familiar with are basically needs analysis, design, software development, testing stages, but what should be the first two stages of how much time is not conclusive. operation of the actual project examples show that the longer the analysis and design, needs to do more detailed design, testing, the shorter the time, rework rate is lower, the smaller the risk, cost, the more easily be controlled. and demand analysis and overall design not done in a hurry to develop the project launched early in the project when the problem is not going well, to the testing phase of the project late and relatively long incubation period, but a number of damaging the larger problems will come out, rework, extended test time. So the problem with the items piled to the post-tension, it is better to spend more time to the needs analysis and overall design. lay a solid foundation, it is easy to build a pyramid.
programmers working in Japanese companies probably are aware, Little Japan is very powerful software specification, requirements analysis, and they spend time on the overall design is usually about 40% to 50%, far exceeding the domestic software projects, but also stronger and more effective. They even detailed the overall design specification How do we determine a process to establish what kind of conditions, in other words when, how to write (if. .. else) statements are set to help programmers better. In this software specifications, the programmer is more like assembly line workers, for a module to a certain procedure or technology to become familiar with a complete repetitive work. so often in Japan and Europe will be the work of a low-level programmer, said many people unknown to the domestic programmers also copy of domestic programmers is very unfair. In China, people will copy the code, that do not understand innovation, always rely on others, staring at the table quickly after work to see a lot of programmers is that difficult for the people what kind of future. However, the good and progressive but also a lot of programmers. Since there are not any software specifications such as CMM or very little, so many of these good programmers are doing the systems analyst even the PM of living, holding programmers wages. Although these programmers will start to eat a lot of losses, but also take the initiative to eat the loss, but after a few years ago a programmer with the social status of a clear division appears . When the programmers motivated for business negotiations as the PM, when the former is also frequently change jobs each company, jumping around are not satisfied. Some side-track, and back to our topic. Japan's software specifications and CMM are surprisingly similar, at least 35% or more of them are almost exactly the same. recent economic downturn, Tokyo closed down over 160 software companies, the figure in June this year, and is still increasing. These companies have vied for Shanghai, recruitment technology staff. If you go to such a company should carefully consider the candidates, learn what they can get the specifications and quality control, but in order to become a systems analyst from the programmer or the PM, be prohibitively difficult. often go dry for a programmer for several years, that piece of their incredibly familiar, but something made for my colleagues know nothing about the next door. refused to pass Huawei is trying to CMM4 (Institute of Huawei India has passed CMM4), working in Huawei for programmers unpredictable perils described. Of course, PM or QA has been done or friends love CODING exception.
needs analysis itself, there are time allocation problem. the first pass needs analysis will take the longest time, analysts have in the customers between the various departments have almost run off his legs, said the saliva dry, is to establish an initial demand model. All the documents will be submitted to PM for review and signature, failed to fight back again. Feedback Form subsequently be submitted to the customer, the second time the third time and so much more coming up, repeated discussions and consultations with clients, repeatedly submitted documents and forms, only one purpose, explicitly demand. When the PM finally merged and established all the documents demand, the demand for the resulting document will be submitted to the customer signing the department heads. These documents will be added as an annex to the contract in order to project changes in the future, or encountered a major problem and an important basis for passing customers. be noted that , the customer is not always unreasonable, but honestly, quite helpless, most of the current projects of domestic customers to prevent their money wasted, put another way often and changing needs. a clear demand in the start-up and signed, regardless of the situation How, a detailed written document can solve a lot of verbal commitments or ill-defined document many of the problems caused.
detailed needs analysis has an additional advantage is that both are familiar with some or no attempt to areas never a decision will be whether the project criteria. Sometimes, when signing such big projects both in absolute certainty is not guaranteed to produce results, once the needs analysis phase of insurmountable technical difficulties that would give up the project. typical example is the NMD ICBM defense system. the early eighties of last century the United States engage in Star Wars, Tuokua the Soviet Union. everyone somewhat vague period of history, many people think that the Soviets when the United States on. is not entirely the case, pervasive Soviet intelligence agencies, not deceived so easily. In fact when the U.S. Department of Defense has begun to NMD system software requirements analysis, before and after the cost of hundreds of millions of dollars, spent two years just to do needs analysis, and finally found the existence of technically impossible at the time to reach the height, then the project was abandoned.
3. project start
project start to determine the project plan, work with clients to implement the first project review, confirm and pack down a number of products and services vendor orders. this time the PM will suddenly be found in endless, open three to four meetings a day is very normal thing. These meetings are meetings with clients, and vendors under the package, a team, there are of senior management. team meeting was to establish a formal team to provide the roles and responsibilities of team members, providing performance management, to the members of the project scope and objectives. with customers one of the main conference will kick-off meeting. at this meeting the PM will establish a formal channel of communication clients, comprehensive description of the project, so that project participants understand each other and establish a management system as the core of PM. there are some bits and pieces of things that even the size of office space, telephone number of the Ministry of so all contact should be established at the meeting, and keeps minutes. These are some very trivial things, it sounds like her mother ***, but it is very necessary and indispensable. about the so-called armed forces did not move Food and fodder it first.
this time, as a senior, should be made to declare the whole company, formally released to the PM The appointment of project managers and project authorities. This action although some people seem formalism, but to improve PM My morale and sense of responsibility is a big help to.
III. the planning stage
1. define the structure division structure (WBS)
after start-up phase, the project entered the planning stage, it officially entered the implementation . There may be some concept is not the right track, in fact, the reason the translation, anyway, we understand the meaning of the line, do not rigidly adhere to the literal. WBS is a set of project elements to be submitted, to organize the overall scope of the definition of projects, specifically including the content from the work , resources and cost point of view of scope of the project; establish a system of hierarchical working structure required; the project down into manageable few breakdown of this concept somewhat vague, in fact, with the Explorer in the sub-directory is the same thing. It can be said, WBS is the core of the planning stage. WBS will be assigned to submit detailed documents, including a project to their own people with the process of using the document to the customer with the modules and documentation, complete breakdown of standards and how each of these breakdown of the allocation of responsibilities to specific individuals. WBS are indented and tree type, there is no way I'm drawing here, we refer to some project management books, which are described in detail. I picked the whole article only place I feel the need to pay attention to such as non-essential, tools of the technical details or do not do details. WBS breakdown does not need to break down to the same level, the bottom is called the breakdown of work packages, the sub is based on personal responsibility and credibility, that is, Speaking of every man's task is to implement, is sure to complete; there is control for the extent of the project, the deeper level, WBS tree deeper. Since WBS is a practical thing, according to personal understanding not the same, so a project may have several correct WBS, see PM's needs and the most appropriate state of the current team selection.
WBS definition is still very troublesome. PM to convene to discuss the team, the members of the provide all the details related to the project, and the WBS tree decomposition to the second floor of three. and then take some time for members to brainstorm-type (BRAINING STORM) thinking, the formulation of the duty of the output and the corresponding record for each the completion of a standard work package. In brainstorming style of thinking, there will be a very heated debate, PM to coordinate relations, regulating climate, they can be considered from all angles next to the push to knock on the side, suggesting that members of the angle and direction of thinking and summarized. Although a lot of trouble to develop WBS is still very worthwhile. the same as needs analysis, WBS more fully prepared, the faster the progress of coding.
2. Risk management
Since it is a commercial activity, then the project risk must exist, I believe that friends read this post a lot of people have experienced the risks of large or small. Some risk is easy to solve, and some risk will undermine the benefits. No matter what kind of risks, to avoid as much as possible to avoid, it is necessary to of risk management. As the unpredictable nature of risk, risk management is very difficult, very difficult concept to make it clear, only from the perspective of some feasible to analyze, manage.
first to identify the risks. This is a very difficult high-live. PM first risk identification session was held, the meeting for the company, high-level, cross-sector experience who will attend. and then review the risks generated by the project team with key members of the list and risk communication, examine some important risk sources such as WBS, cost (time) estimates, personnel planning, procurement management. Finally, we must use the PM itself in similar projects in the previous lessons learned.
analysis to identify the following. We can a rough quantitative analysis (exact analysis is impossible.) experienced people can join the discussion, submit them to the risk classification. First, according to the likelihood of points, generally divided into high, medium and low-level , though very reluctantly, but whatever the outcome, there is a quantified; then press the outlay of the cost of points, is also a high, medium and low levels. We are three levels of these two categories are combined, meet the high possibility, costs are defined as high risk can not accept. encounter the risk had to allow customers to modify the demand or increase the risk of reserve costs, or loss once the deficit is not a little bit of it, may pay very serious. high and medium, medium, and The match is a high risk, medium and low, low and low with a low, high and low with a medium.
for the possibility of there, you need to take some means to reduce risk. so far does not have a conclusion that there is absolutely a good way, can only do its utmost to avoid. There are several ways to consider, first is the risk into the project management plan and specify the person in charge of regularly checked by external project risk, if risk occurs implementation of risk management plan; second is insurance, which is to transfer risk; third way a little bit evil, but most insurance is the customer get involved, let them participate in risk management, huh, huh, like that time to speak:)
after risk management as a project plan, PM need to update the WBS, schedule changes and update the risk management plan.
risk is usually reserved for the cost of 8%.
3.
estimate is expected From the perspective of quantitative assessment of the project, including workload, the mandate, manpower, equipment, materials, costs, financial strategy is not expected to pay attention to or quoted.
estimate is not really a one-time work in the project process, the forecast is always needed. estimates seem to have no particular need to mention where, when each PM will naturally have received the project estimate, or a change in the project to the next stage will be estimated. Predictor main function is to have a PM done the end of the hearts of the plan have no idea when the Buzhi Yu.
4.
schedule is a schedule to write long module or function, PM to arrange a date, the establishment of milestone, called the programmers can not be lazy. schedule extracted from over WBS. For PM, the schedule reasonable arrangements to control and motivate the project team morale has a significant role. For programmers, the schedule cents no doubt a nightmare.
shows a sequence diagram the general schedule, Gantt charts and milestone charts. on the back Shao Wei teacher lectures, the recommended tool is the m $ of the PROJECT, I will not use this tool, because no time to explore. I'd use the very first slide, the past month he drew with the PROJECT another milestone in a map, stop torturing me and my colleagues nervous. We usually do one side while the development UNIT TEST, In effect, because there are strong time pressure, efficiency is indeed to raise a lot than before, but we can only catch up, stumbling progress. As TEAM Azeri small, we are a few people to do personal living. I go out every morning at six, after nearly two hours of bumpy, eight more have a seat on the 15-minute lunch meal, till evening at eight work, home meal often has 11 point. more than a month I never had breakfast, have not slept more than six hours Lanjue. Although the strong pressure so that we can in a short time to master the skills as much as possible to develop more modules, but We also have a great emotional impact. Therefore, the project milestone is a double-edged sword, reasonable arrangements will not have to not only promote the efficiency and morale. the gradual decline of the morale of team members will be difficult to bring in later development project estimate the impact, progress will be greatly delayed. on the PM and team issues that we'll come back, and here I first Xianglinsao one, then skip.
milestone chart is characterized by a mandate, membership and time, task and members of the flag with the words, the time and assisted with the figures described in Chart span, the same as the very image of the ladder, at a glance. Management is very convenient, over the hook on it to make a.
task network logic diagram and logic is expressed relationship diagram, you can use the order indicated that the critical path can also be used. In fact, the various activities of 1,2,3,4 into phases, each phase includes a small activity 1.1,1.2,2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4 , 3.1,3.2,3.3,4.1,4.2 so schedule can be divided into four types, generally referred to from front to back and from back to front two. from front to back the concept is an activity must be the same or later than the point directly all activities of this activity the earliest end time of the latest time. some convoluted, we analogy: Stage 2 Stage 3 points, then 2 stages of the 4 sub-stages are also pointing to 3. Suppose the end of time is 1 2.1 12, 2.2 and ends at January 22, the end time of 1 2.3 15, 2.4 and ends at January 20, then the end of stage 2 in the latest time is 2.2, January 22, so Stage 3 of the 3 sub-phases 3.1,3.2,3.3 earliest start time can not be earlier than January 22. As for example, after we all go forward to push it, I do not give, and just hit a few 123 I'm exhausted:)
projects often need to adjust the schedule. does not change the project scope in the case, adjust the schedule there are several ways: the use of fast track means to alter the relationship between tasks; tasks into a serial parallel; changes in working methods (which may change the WBS); change the date restrictions, so that the tasks on the critical path start or end earlier. Although the method of diversification, only one in my opinion, is pressing hard for a programmer labor. How press, or a skill. As previously analyzed, needs analysis multisection time to wait for it, the pressure requirements are less likely; the testing phase is nearing completion late, Luo Liba instigate a lot of things, busy are endless, single-minded ahead of time PM / completed on time, good money, the pressure seems unlikely that time. to say brutal, the most pressure, or CODING, compression coding stage is often the focus, in short, we work hard is it, a large When the project compression programmers in the company dining Lazard is a normal thing, I believe many people have deep experience, sad things here, not to mention. just my summary, so that the future PM who are pressing Later, according to people, huh, huh. test can also be appropriate early the pressure on, when people just completed, are more lazy. domestic enterprises in general are small, there is no specific quality control departments, so often the quality assurance and testing procedures member or PM itself. In fact, quality assurance and testers ...
1. Zuoren attitude
Zuoren not seem to have relationships with business negotiations, a lot of technical skill is needed is that PM is how to do a project, not be a good relationship get the well-organized person. With the rise of PM quietly in China, more and more CEOs PM behest started in business negotiation, and sales hit list together, this comparison is to try to figure out the needs of their customers PM psychology. try to figure out the psychological needs of our customers have a wide range of knowledge, depth and breadth of need, however, is still the most important Zuoren. how to lend a lower to a human gesture, the transformation from the PM and technical personnel who, it is to crucial.
reduced to a human posture needs to implement in many ways, the most important to remember: in vain, but can not measure the position. many companies in order to maintain the company's image, will be called the employees to dress nice uniform that looks like a white-collar look. However, the boss probably is not constrained. China's reform and opening up just two decades, many wealthy industrialist boss cultural level is not high, is often only when students have to sit his ass profligate parents on the bench hard accumulate wealth, they have to run around everywhere, and accumulated a wealth of business experience and money, life and society have a full understanding of the nature and form his own stable frame of mind. These people, many are dressed in old clothes and old, wearing a broken broken watches, talking all the time always bring along Three Character Classic, into the heap in Shanghai, they might you take him for a migrant workers. because to they are in social status, has been without any set off the dress to their identity, they are plenty of clout. to the PM, this is a very dangerous challenge. Although the initial intention when the project would be the other key personnel and certain understanding, however, in large projects on the words can say so many people. despised Shanghai is the most rustic, a lot of people talk about the project's time to see the performance of workers or very tacky inevitably frowned, often frown lost when the project is out of the market and money. PM must be done with people who talk to each level, in particular seems to be lower than their population level, even if it is sweeping the company's aunt. only for to be modest, unassuming, respect for others, will be respected by others, a chance to win the project. nose higher than the eyes of people who will only hit his nose flat.
2. a wealth of knowledge
light is not enough to win the respect for others projects, to be exact is the key to win the trust of each other. PM with clients generally do not need to eat and drink, it is selling their things, but the PM and the customer may be the most discussed issues. discussion it is the opportunity to match up, is a key factor. money and beauty is still the conventional stepping stone, but the way this fool know that everyone will do it. boss is only one aspect of the relationship, and now the big boss, which not? PM Why go to the same conditions one better than others?
I have a friend (PM) make a list, and found little interest in anything the other side, costs can not find a lot of energy to a breakthrough. the other side of this man very well, no shortage of money and the status of everything beautiful. He spent many days and talk to each other, gradually made their own learned each other's trust. Then he thought he found each other on the history of mathematics and astronomy there are covered by a treasured home to spend a night time search for information on the network. The next thing he did not talk about the project, only with each other talk of Copernicus, Bruno, Galileo, these people life, a full blown day. Daosuan mud as the other nodded, attitude and enthusiasm to a hundred and eighty degree turn, the next day he got the list. This is a classic wars, who will help advance thought Copernicus IT people making money? is learned by the PM and extended out from the knowledgeable and keen sense to seize the opportunity for customers to resonate. customer feels he has a very high level, but also, and they have in common, trust greatly enhanced to the project to reassure him. Now this example is not uncommon in a business negotiation. to the PM, it does not require very proficient in all aspects, it is impossible, as long as the PM for some popular topics and all aspects of astronomy, geography, history, knowledge has a rough idea, the time needed to master as soon as possible, have the opportunity to create opportunities and seize the opportunities.
3. strong communication skills
the chest but do not know how to have plenty of ink expression is relatively rare, but not absolutely not. each person's life trajectory is different, thinking affected by the environment vary. including, as we are in this class are some of the future MSE, there must be more introverted Or do not love people who express their views, these people are more passive, often difficult to undertake the important task of the negotiations. From now on, these people have to relearn how to talk, how loud arguments. communication, not just loud speak, to express their views but also found to solve problems and consolidate. In addition, the ability to communicate closely with the social experience, and the PM's experience closely. In everyday life, PM should more carefully, more thinking, when people think of a time to strive for levels deeper than others into account. Of course, there are some practical enough friends to communicate and boast the same thing as a complete, when in discussions with clients far-fetched to say something eloquent words. such people encounter do not know, not very serious or curious customer is a certain market; while the level of responsible customers who do not often find such a reliable, generally not to the list He. PM need to grasp the degree of wind is sure to blow, just bragging when to blow must be based on the field have never been involved in or do not understand what their views easily, pick their own familiar reasonable direction of the play, the right to stay on a two-handed, inscrutable to the other party feeling, the best results.
4. excellent pre team
this team is generally initiated and established by the General Manager, usually do not specify the PMP, a member of the team as SALES, PM, SA, ENGINEER team presented their higher requirements. generally carried out in a list took the time to a certain extent, PM often embarrassing discovery protocol sales representatives some of the promises to customers is almost impossible or simply can not do. This is very much the task is to win sales list, I heard the sales say the most is easy, often for a list will sacrifice a lot. In this case, and sales of natural coordination of head and fell to the PM. In prior sales and customer make commitments, PM to be proactive with the sales of communication, providing a rough The overall design framework and the technical difficulties and can consider the workload, rather than wait out the issue to be passive and sales in the front of the boss tried to shift responsibility. When in the formation of the team, PM team should be based on the quality of each person and task should be set from person to person transmission of information. excellent pre teamwork is an important guarantee for orders.
practice in business negotiations, there are all sorts of questions, PM's responsibilities and requirements for not more than can describe some detail. According to the environmental, policy, culture, relationships and other aspects of the different conditions, PM of the different growth experiences, each PM will eventually create their own views on and experience in business negotiations. But one thing is certain, this PM is the PM to become the first pass, and most important hurdle. received less than list, PM will lose the meaning of existence. and sales are different, PM's task at this stage in addition to orders, but also to collect as much as possible key customer information, and is responsible for all walks of life with each other to establish good customer relationships in order to fully mobilize resources for project implementation.
II. start-up phase
1.
the basic concepts of the project three project there are several versions elements, are different. more into the actual operation of the scope, cost and schedule, the scope of one of the most important thing. We build the project and submitted to the ultimate users of products and documents referred to as the application pieces. When the negotiations must submit the documents to establish the standards and requirements that range. Despite the war, when the inevitable business customers will continue to improve the standards and requirements, and the commitments made there will not be a penny increase. But the standard for every company to that has a bottom line, once more than the bottom line, and that surely is the loss of the project. unless it is profitable for two or to improve relations, or range of more than willing to do when the bottom line, and then in the powerful PM this case can not help it. to establish the scope of need is a PM's many years of practical experience in projects large and small, in exchange for some of the experience of using blood and tears. At this time, it can reflect the difference between PM and technical staff. cost is customer agreed to pay the money, with our input costs are not the same thing. progress would not have much description.
how the project successful? there are some key factors. personal understanding are not the same, usually including the following areas: defining goals and tasks; boss or high-level support; excellent PM and development team; adequate resources; good communication; the positive response of customers and the appropriate monitoring and feedback. here is to note the resources and high-level support. a company is always on the scale of the project also have a lot, but then large companies resources sufficient to ensure each project to build the most appropriate development team or have the best environment. this time the teams or sector resources for the inevitable battle will occur, then the inevitable friction. Zuoren this time on the PM's challenge once again. In addition to high-level emphasis on the PM program, usually in the company if the PM to get along better with colleagues can often Many people solved the problem looks very difficult. On the contrary, does not behave towards PM because of a bad karma, even if the high extreme pressure or team with other departments, others will be dragged to drag and delay the project schedule and quality. Sometimes This internal friction of the project and the PM is devastating. on the positive customer response is more critical. Generally speaking PM has been engaging large and small projects in the exhausted, we must take the initiative to require customers to meet the PM is difficult to do. However, this time, the more difficult, the more tired, more to go to the initiative. customers are often not particularly positive, proactive communication with customers and testing can find problems early. From the perspective of risk control said that the problem identified earlier, the smaller the risk of loss also smaller. a positive attitude can bring the enthusiasm of customers in the completion of the project, the client on your gratitude is often difficult to describe in words, which later received Phase III single-or do will lay a good foundation. because in negotiations with other new customers, new customers will naturally look for your customers to understand the situation, then random words and old customers on top of it to bother you of ten.
project has several important features of commercial activity, there is a consumer, the sources, participants, key factors of success, there are financial goals, there are risks.
2.
start-up phase the main task of According to PMI's explanation of natural orders into the start-up phase after the project. start-up led by PM's main task is the overall architect and systems analyst to collect detailed data as possible to establish detailed requirements as far as possible, further establishing the detailed project range, estimated resources, and establish other programs to gain access to the next stage of approval. At this stage, as in-depth needs analysis, PM also started in-house staff and resources to compete for selection to begin to form their own project team. project about to enter the planning phase.
in after collecting the data, PM, and customers began to clear the project size, cost, size, duration and other important features of the text and write the contract, while preparing for the internal, including budget, measure the standards documents, establishing the project assessment criteria. Then there is the demand analysis. due to professional reasons, we here only discuss the project needs analysis software (hereinafter referred to as needs analysis).
needs analysis the main participants are PM, the overall structure designers, system analysts, familiar with the business processes of customers. PM to guide the team this time is not the real team, we call pre-team. With the gradual deepening of demand analysis, the new team members join, start-up phase ends The team will be established when the official. on an already started project, the project needs analysis will determine the success or failure. The initial demand for the work reflected in the customer's specification or the tender documents and the attachments. This demand is generally more ambiguous, not reflect the real needs of customers. pre-team to customers according to their own experience and to communicate and guide customers into the right track. Sometimes the customer will be very rigid idea of reason, or to requirements set in accordance with his thinking to the needs of a number of obvious errors. The When team members to be patient and give customers the facts about experience, reason, or models with an intuitive graphical way to describe the demand, such as the common data flow diagrams. So, then the inevitable controversy, customers sometimes blow beard Deng Yanjing pound the table or will say, not deteriorated to the point where not clean up. as long as the PM team members try to constraints, the degree is still very easy to control.
of rapid development and iterative development, the demand for and implementation is often carried out simultaneously, the development speed is a major advantage. have the same or similar pattern of small projects, rapid development or use of iterative development is a very cost-effective approach, Extreme Programming is a popular set for this mode of thinking. However, in large and medium projects Too many different needs and modules. If not for the project are different, then the only product on the market without project. Therefore, the demand for medium and large projects to be carefully to do it. We want to discuss an issue, what should requirements analysis and overall design of how much time? waterfall development model we are familiar with are basically needs analysis, design, software development, testing stages, but what should be the first two stages of how much time is not conclusive. operation of the actual project examples show that the longer the analysis and design, needs to do more detailed design, testing, the shorter the time, rework rate is lower, the smaller the risk, cost, the more easily be controlled. and demand analysis and overall design not done in a hurry to develop the project launched early in the project when the problem is not going well, to the testing phase of the project late and relatively long incubation period, but a number of damaging the larger problems will come out, rework, extended test time. So the problem with the items piled to the post-tension, it is better to spend more time to the needs analysis and overall design. lay a solid foundation, it is easy to build a pyramid.
programmers working in Japanese companies probably are aware, Little Japan is very powerful software specification, requirements analysis, and they spend time on the overall design is usually about 40% to 50%, far exceeding the domestic software projects, but also stronger and more effective. They even detailed the overall design specification How do we determine a process to establish what kind of conditions, in other words when, how to write (if. .. else) statements are set to help programmers better. In this software specifications, the programmer is more like assembly line workers, for a module to a certain procedure or technology to become familiar with a complete repetitive work. so often in Japan and Europe will be the work of a low-level programmer, said many people unknown to the domestic programmers also copy of domestic programmers is very unfair. In China, people will copy the code, that do not understand innovation, always rely on others, staring at the table quickly after work to see a lot of programmers is that difficult for the people what kind of future. However, the good and progressive but also a lot of programmers. Since there are not any software specifications such as CMM or very little, so many of these good programmers are doing the systems analyst even the PM of living, holding programmers wages. Although these programmers will start to eat a lot of losses, but also take the initiative to eat the loss, but after a few years ago a programmer with the social status of a clear division appears . When the programmers motivated for business negotiations as the PM, when the former is also frequently change jobs each company, jumping around are not satisfied. Some side-track, and back to our topic. Japan's software specifications and CMM are surprisingly similar, at least 35% or more of them are almost exactly the same. recent economic downturn, Tokyo closed down over 160 software companies, the figure in June this year, and is still increasing. These companies have vied for Shanghai, recruitment technology staff. If you go to such a company should carefully consider the candidates, learn what they can get the specifications and quality control, but in order to become a systems analyst from the programmer or the PM, be prohibitively difficult. often go dry for a programmer for several years, that piece of their incredibly familiar, but something made for my colleagues know nothing about the next door. refused to pass Huawei is trying to CMM4 (Institute of Huawei India has passed CMM4), working in Huawei for programmers unpredictable perils described. Of course, PM or QA has been done or friends love CODING exception.
needs analysis itself, there are time allocation problem. the first pass needs analysis will take the longest time, analysts have in the customers between the various departments have almost run off his legs, said the saliva dry, is to establish an initial demand model. All the documents will be submitted to PM for review and signature, failed to fight back again. Feedback Form subsequently be submitted to the customer, the second time the third time and so much more coming up, repeated discussions and consultations with clients, repeatedly submitted documents and forms, only one purpose, explicitly demand. When the PM finally merged and established all the documents demand, the demand for the resulting document will be submitted to the customer signing the department heads. These documents will be added as an annex to the contract in order to project changes in the future, or encountered a major problem and an important basis for passing customers. be noted that , the customer is not always unreasonable, but honestly, quite helpless, most of the current projects of domestic customers to prevent their money wasted, put another way often and changing needs. a clear demand in the start-up and signed, regardless of the situation How, a detailed written document can solve a lot of verbal commitments or ill-defined document many of the problems caused.
detailed needs analysis has an additional advantage is that both are familiar with some or no attempt to areas never a decision will be whether the project criteria. Sometimes, when signing such big projects both in absolute certainty is not guaranteed to produce results, once the needs analysis phase of insurmountable technical difficulties that would give up the project. typical example is the NMD ICBM defense system. the early eighties of last century the United States engage in Star Wars, Tuokua the Soviet Union. everyone somewhat vague period of history, many people think that the Soviets when the United States on. is not entirely the case, pervasive Soviet intelligence agencies, not deceived so easily. In fact when the U.S. Department of Defense has begun to NMD system software requirements analysis, before and after the cost of hundreds of millions of dollars, spent two years just to do needs analysis, and finally found the existence of technically impossible at the time to reach the height, then the project was abandoned.
3. project start
project start to determine the project plan, work with clients to implement the first project review, confirm and pack down a number of products and services vendor orders. this time the PM will suddenly be found in endless, open three to four meetings a day is very normal thing. These meetings are meetings with clients, and vendors under the package, a team, there are of senior management. team meeting was to establish a formal team to provide the roles and responsibilities of team members, providing performance management, to the members of the project scope and objectives. with customers one of the main conference will kick-off meeting. at this meeting the PM will establish a formal channel of communication clients, comprehensive description of the project, so that project participants understand each other and establish a management system as the core of PM. there are some bits and pieces of things that even the size of office space, telephone number of the Ministry of so all contact should be established at the meeting, and keeps minutes. These are some very trivial things, it sounds like her mother ***, but it is very necessary and indispensable. about the so-called armed forces did not move Food and fodder it first.
this time, as a senior, should be made to declare the whole company, formally released to the PM The appointment of project managers and project authorities. This action although some people seem formalism, but to improve PM My morale and sense of responsibility is a big help to.
III. the planning stage
1. define the structure division structure (WBS)
after start-up phase, the project entered the planning stage, it officially entered the implementation . There may be some concept is not the right track, in fact, the reason the translation, anyway, we understand the meaning of the line, do not rigidly adhere to the literal. WBS is a set of project elements to be submitted, to organize the overall scope of the definition of projects, specifically including the content from the work , resources and cost point of view of scope of the project; establish a system of hierarchical working structure required; the project down into manageable few breakdown of this concept somewhat vague, in fact, with the Explorer in the sub-directory is the same thing. It can be said, WBS is the core of the planning stage. WBS will be assigned to submit detailed documents, including a project to their own people with the process of using the document to the customer with the modules and documentation, complete breakdown of standards and how each of these breakdown of the allocation of responsibilities to specific individuals. WBS are indented and tree type, there is no way I'm drawing here, we refer to some project management books, which are described in detail. I picked the whole article only place I feel the need to pay attention to such as non-essential, tools of the technical details or do not do details. WBS breakdown does not need to break down to the same level, the bottom is called the breakdown of work packages, the sub is based on personal responsibility and credibility, that is, Speaking of every man's task is to implement, is sure to complete; there is control for the extent of the project, the deeper level, WBS tree deeper. Since WBS is a practical thing, according to personal understanding not the same, so a project may have several correct WBS, see PM's needs and the most appropriate state of the current team selection.
WBS definition is still very troublesome. PM to convene to discuss the team, the members of the provide all the details related to the project, and the WBS tree decomposition to the second floor of three. and then take some time for members to brainstorm-type (BRAINING STORM) thinking, the formulation of the duty of the output and the corresponding record for each the completion of a standard work package. In brainstorming style of thinking, there will be a very heated debate, PM to coordinate relations, regulating climate, they can be considered from all angles next to the push to knock on the side, suggesting that members of the angle and direction of thinking and summarized. Although a lot of trouble to develop WBS is still very worthwhile. the same as needs analysis, WBS more fully prepared, the faster the progress of coding.
2. Risk management
Since it is a commercial activity, then the project risk must exist, I believe that friends read this post a lot of people have experienced the risks of large or small. Some risk is easy to solve, and some risk will undermine the benefits. No matter what kind of risks, to avoid as much as possible to avoid, it is necessary to of risk management. As the unpredictable nature of risk, risk management is very difficult, very difficult concept to make it clear, only from the perspective of some feasible to analyze, manage.
first to identify the risks. This is a very difficult high-live. PM first risk identification session was held, the meeting for the company, high-level, cross-sector experience who will attend. and then review the risks generated by the project team with key members of the list and risk communication, examine some important risk sources such as WBS, cost (time) estimates, personnel planning, procurement management. Finally, we must use the PM itself in similar projects in the previous lessons learned.
analysis to identify the following. We can a rough quantitative analysis (exact analysis is impossible.) experienced people can join the discussion, submit them to the risk classification. First, according to the likelihood of points, generally divided into high, medium and low-level , though very reluctantly, but whatever the outcome, there is a quantified; then press the outlay of the cost of points, is also a high, medium and low levels. We are three levels of these two categories are combined, meet the high possibility, costs are defined as high risk can not accept. encounter the risk had to allow customers to modify the demand or increase the risk of reserve costs, or loss once the deficit is not a little bit of it, may pay very serious. high and medium, medium, and The match is a high risk, medium and low, low and low with a low, high and low with a medium.
for the possibility of there, you need to take some means to reduce risk. so far does not have a conclusion that there is absolutely a good way, can only do its utmost to avoid. There are several ways to consider, first is the risk into the project management plan and specify the person in charge of regularly checked by external project risk, if risk occurs implementation of risk management plan; second is insurance, which is to transfer risk; third way a little bit evil, but most insurance is the customer get involved, let them participate in risk management, huh, huh, like that time to speak:)
after risk management as a project plan, PM need to update the WBS, schedule changes and update the risk management plan.
risk is usually reserved for the cost of 8%.
3.
estimate is expected From the perspective of quantitative assessment of the project, including workload, the mandate, manpower, equipment, materials, costs, financial strategy is not expected to pay attention to or quoted.
estimate is not really a one-time work in the project process, the forecast is always needed. estimates seem to have no particular need to mention where, when each PM will naturally have received the project estimate, or a change in the project to the next stage will be estimated. Predictor main function is to have a PM done the end of the hearts of the plan have no idea when the Buzhi Yu.
4.
schedule is a schedule to write long module or function, PM to arrange a date, the establishment of milestone, called the programmers can not be lazy. schedule extracted from over WBS. For PM, the schedule reasonable arrangements to control and motivate the project team morale has a significant role. For programmers, the schedule cents no doubt a nightmare.
shows a sequence diagram the general schedule, Gantt charts and milestone charts. on the back Shao Wei teacher lectures, the recommended tool is the m $ of the PROJECT, I will not use this tool, because no time to explore. I'd use the very first slide, the past month he drew with the PROJECT another milestone in a map, stop torturing me and my colleagues nervous. We usually do one side while the development UNIT TEST, In effect, because there are strong time pressure, efficiency is indeed to raise a lot than before, but we can only catch up, stumbling progress. As TEAM Azeri small, we are a few people to do personal living. I go out every morning at six, after nearly two hours of bumpy, eight more have a seat on the 15-minute lunch meal, till evening at eight work, home meal often has 11 point. more than a month I never had breakfast, have not slept more than six hours Lanjue. Although the strong pressure so that we can in a short time to master the skills as much as possible to develop more modules, but We also have a great emotional impact. Therefore, the project milestone is a double-edged sword, reasonable arrangements will not have to not only promote the efficiency and morale. the gradual decline of the morale of team members will be difficult to bring in later development project estimate the impact, progress will be greatly delayed. on the PM and team issues that we'll come back, and here I first Xianglinsao one, then skip.
milestone chart is characterized by a mandate, membership and time, task and members of the flag with the words, the time and assisted with the figures described in Chart span, the same as the very image of the ladder, at a glance. Management is very convenient, over the hook on it to make a.
task network logic diagram and logic is expressed relationship diagram, you can use the order indicated that the critical path can also be used. In fact, the various activities of 1,2,3,4 into phases, each phase includes a small activity 1.1,1.2,2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4 , 3.1,3.2,3.3,4.1,4.2 so schedule can be divided into four types, generally referred to from front to back and from back to front two. from front to back the concept is an activity must be the same or later than the point directly all activities of this activity the earliest end time of the latest time. some convoluted, we analogy: Stage 2 Stage 3 points, then 2 stages of the 4 sub-stages are also pointing to 3. Suppose the end of time is 1 2.1 12, 2.2 and ends at January 22, the end time of 1 2.3 15, 2.4 and ends at January 20, then the end of stage 2 in the latest time is 2.2, January 22, so Stage 3 of the 3 sub-phases 3.1,3.2,3.3 earliest start time can not be earlier than January 22. As for example, after we all go forward to push it, I do not give, and just hit a few 123 I'm exhausted:)
projects often need to adjust the schedule. does not change the project scope in the case, adjust the schedule there are several ways: the use of fast track means to alter the relationship between tasks; tasks into a serial parallel; changes in working methods (which may change the WBS); change the date restrictions, so that the tasks on the critical path start or end earlier. Although the method of diversification, only one in my opinion, is pressing hard for a programmer labor. How press, or a skill. As previously analyzed, needs analysis multisection time to wait for it, the pressure requirements are less likely; the testing phase is nearing completion late, Luo Liba instigate a lot of things, busy are endless, single-minded ahead of time PM / completed on time, good money, the pressure seems unlikely that time. to say brutal, the most pressure, or CODING, compression coding stage is often the focus, in short, we work hard is it, a large When the project compression programmers in the company dining Lazard is a normal thing, I believe many people have deep experience, sad things here, not to mention. just my summary, so that the future PM who are pressing Later, according to people, huh, huh. test can also be appropriate early the pressure on, when people just completed, are more lazy. domestic enterprises in general are small, there is no specific quality control departments, so often the quality assurance and testing procedures member or PM itself. In fact, quality assurance and testers ...
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